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Reproduction > Anatomy For Repro > Flashcards

Anatomy For Repro Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of joint is the pubic symphysis

A

Secondary cartilaginous

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2
Q

Which muscle is present on the posterior wall of the pelvis

A

The piriformis

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3
Q

Which nerve network lies on the piriformis

A

The sacral plexus

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4
Q

What divides the pelvis from the perineum

A

Pelvis floor/diaphragm

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5
Q

Borders of the pelvic outlet

A

Posterior - tip of coccyx
Lateral - ischial tuberosities and inferior margin of sacrotuberous ligament
- anterior - pubic arch

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6
Q

What type of joint is the sacroiliac

A

Synovial …

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7
Q

Which part of the rectum drains into the portal circulation

A

The superior

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8
Q

Which part of the rectum drains to the systemic circulation

A

Middle and inferior

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9
Q

Why may haemorrhoids be associated with liver cirrhosis

A

Sign of portal hypertension

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10
Q

Which venous plexus does the prostatic venous plexus communicate on its posterior side

A

The internal vertebral venous plexus

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11
Q

Where does prostate cancer commonly spread and why

A

Bones (vertebrae) because the prostatic venous plexus communicates on its posterior side with the internal vertebral venous plexus

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12
Q

Innervation of the penis

A

Pudendal nerve (S1-S2)

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13
Q

What does the hypogastric plexus supply

A

Sympathetic supply to vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and epididymis
Parasympathetic supply to erectile tissues of both males and females - corpora cavernosa and spongiosa

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14
Q

After surgery why are some men unable to ejaculate

A

Spermatic cord damage

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15
Q

Where does the internal iliac lymph nodes drain from

A

Gluteal region, deep perineum and inferior pelvic viscera

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16
Q

Where do the common iliac lymph nodes drain from

A

External, Internal and Sacral lymph nodes

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17
Q

Why are the male gonads located outside the abdominopelvic cavity

A

Keep cooler than the rest of the body

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18
Q

what are the main contents of the spermatic cord

A

Vans deferens, testicular artery, pamniform plexus, genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

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19
Q

What is the tough fibrous outer coating of the testis

A

Tunica albugina

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20
Q

What is external covering of the testis

A

Tunica vaginalis - parietal and visceral layer

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21
Q

Where is fluid located in a hydrocele

A

Within the tunica vaginalis

22
Q

What is the name for blood in the tunica vaginalis

A

Haematocele

23
Q

How could you differentiate between a hydrocele and a haematocele

A

Light can’t pass through haematocele but transiluminates hydrocele

24
Q

What is the blood supply of the testes and where does this artery arise from the abdominal aorta

A

Testicular artery from L2

25
Q

What is the venous drainage of the testis

What is their function

A

Pampiniform plexus

Cool down arterial blood before it reaches the testicles

26
Q

Where does the right testicular vein drain to

A

IVC

27
Q

Where does the left testicular vein drain to

A

Left renal vein

28
Q

What is a varicocele

A

Gross dilatation of the veins draining the testis

29
Q

Which 2 lymph node groups receive lymph from the testicles

A

Lumbar and preaortic

30
Q

Where does the vas deferens terminate

A

Joining the duct of the seminal gland to form the ejaculatory duct

31
Q

Where is seminal fluid produced

A

Seminal glands/vesicles

32
Q

Where is sperm produced

A

The seminiferous tubules of the testes

33
Q

What secretions are produced by the prostate gland

A

Proteolytic enzymes which break down clotting factor in ejaculate

34
Q

Where do bulbourethral glands empty their secretions

A

Empty into the proximal spongy urethra

35
Q

What do bulbourethral glands secrete

A

Lubricating mucus secretion

36
Q

What type of muscle is the internal anal sphincter

A

Smooth

37
Q

Where does the prostate lymph drain to

A

Pre-aortic lymph nodes

38
Q

Name of the space between the uterus and rectum

A

Recto-uterine pouch

39
Q

Peritonisation of the rectum

A 
Top = anterior and lateral 
Middle = anterior 
Bottom = extraperitoneal
40
Q

Sections of the male urethra

A

Pre-prostatic

Prostatic part

Membranous part

Spongy part

41
Q

Which structures combine to form the ejacutlatory duct

A

Vas deferens and seminal vesicle

42
Q

Thick outer covering of the testis

A

Tunica vaginalis

43
Q

What form the inferior pelvic aperture

A

Sacrotuberous

Ischiopubic rami

44
Q

Attachment of the piriformis

A

Through the greater sciatic foramen to greater trochanter of the femur

45
Q

Attachment of obturator internus

A

Through lesser sciatic foramen to insert into greater trochanter of the femur

46
Q

Action of piriformis and obturator internus on hip joint

A

Lateral rotators

47
Q

Action of the levator anii muscle

A

Maintain position of rectum, urethra and vagina/maintain continence

In a state of tonic contraction

Also move the posterior anterior and up

48
Q

Innervation of levator anii

A

S2,3,4 –> keeps poo off the floor

49
Q

Internal pudendal artery path

A

Out through greater sciatic foramen, around the sacrospinous ligament to then enter the lesser sciatic foramen

50
Q

Major branches of the internal iliac artery

A 
Superior gluteal artery 
Inferior gluteal 
Internal pudendal 
Obturator
Umbilical (obliterated)
51
Q

Root value of pudendal nerve

A

S2, 3, 4

Reproduction (6 decks)

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