Anatomy Final Exam Flashcards
The youngest cells of the epidermis, the ones capable of mitosis are found in the
Stratum Basale
The dermis of the skin is composed primarily of what tissue
Connective tissue
The function of keratin in the epidermis is to
Prevent underlying structures from drying out
The active growing part of the hair is the
Root
Which of the following is not an ABC of diagnosing melanoma
Circumference
The glands responsible for excreting sebum are called
Sebaceous Glands
All of the following are examples of integumentary system function except
Vitamin C production
Which of the following is not a layer of the epidermis
Stratum Arrectum
Cells found in the epidermis remain in place for roughly how long
2 Weeks
Apocrine Sweat Glands
Become active following puberty
Which of the following is true about first degree burns
They only damage the epidermis
In which type of burn might a person not feel any pain initially
3rd and 4th degree burns
Which of the following is least associated with inflammation
Loss of epidermal cells
Concerning major injuries, which of the following is true
Damaged accessory organs are rarely repaired
What word literally means upon skin
Epidermis
The layer of stratum corner that overlaps part of the nail is called the
Cuticle
The pigment responsible for the coloration of your skin is
Melanin
The type of tissue is commonly found in the hypodermis
Adipose
A cut through the skin of your finger does not produce bleeding. This implies that the cut did not reach the
Dermis
Which of the following is true about squamous cell carcinoma
The lesions develop quickly and break open soon after forming
Where might you expect to find the lowest concentration of sweat glands
Lips
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events following injury to the integument
Blod clotting, inflammation, proliferation of epithelial cells, formation of scar tissue
Which of the following is an accessory structure of the skin
Hair
Select the structure that is responsible for goosebumps
Arrector Pili
The male of the male live model in the von Hagens series is
Dennis
T/F: Skin Cells produce vitamin D, which is essential for calcium absorption
True
T/F: The hypodermic is located just below the epidermis
False
T/F: The color of your skin is determined by the amount of keratin present
False
T/F: As melanocytes in hair follicles stop producing melanin, some people get gray hair, while others get white hair
False
T/F: The hair shaft is made up of dead cells
True
T/F: Sebaceous glands release a sticky substance that attracts odor causing bacteria
False
T/F: The arrector pili muscle is considered a vestigial structure in humans
True
T/F: The skin is regarded as a membrane as well as an organ
True
T/F: The epidermis covering your forearm has 5 strata (layers)
False
T/F: Goosebumps are an effective method of thermoregulation
False
T/F: When your body temperature begins to drop, the blood vessels located near the top of your dermis vasodilator to keep heat from escaping
False
Skeletal bones store energy reserves as lipids in areas of
Yellow marrow
The two types of osseous tissue are
Compact bone and spongy bone
The basic functional units of mature compact bone are
Osteons
Joints that are typically found at the end of long bones and afford the greatest range of motion are
Diarthroses
Standing on tiptoe is an example of a movement called
Plantar Flexion
Which of the following substances is most prevalent in a sample of bone
Inorganic crystals of calcium and phosphate
Which statement best describes spongy bone
Spongy bone contains more spaces filled with red marrow than compact bone
Osteocytes receive nourishment in compact bone by way of
Blood vessels passing through canaliculi
A scientist studies a bone that forms by the replacement of cartilaginous model by bone tissue. This type of bone is called
An endochondral
The shaft of a long bone is the
Diaphysis
Which of the following joints is the most moveable
Synovial
The skeleton helps maintain homeostasis of the body is
Protection of soft organs
Being the site of blood formation (hematopoiesis)
Storing Minerals
Bending the knee is an example of
Flexion
Which of these is an important aspect of bone remodeling
Returning stored phosphate to the blood
Storage of calcium
Healing a bone fracture
A compound fracture
Occurs when the skin is pierced by the bone
The uppermost vertebra
The atlas
Synovial Joints
Are moveable
Contain synovial fluid
Include gliding joints
Which of the following is not an example of skeletal system function
Waste removal
There are ___ vertebra located in the thoracic region
12
Which of the following contains only type of synovial joints
Ball and socket, saddle
The smallest bone in the human body is the
Stapes
Which of the following is an example of an irregular bone
Sacrum
Which of the following disorders is caused by an attack on the joint tissues by the body’s immune system
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Which spinal disorder is characterized by an exaggerated curving out of the thoracic region
Kyphosis
A slipped disc is when
The outer ridge of fibrocartilage between vertebra tears
T/F: Intervertebral discs are examples of amphiathoroses
True
T/F: There are 15 phalanges on each hand
False
T/F: The scaphoid is an example of a facial bone
False
T/F: A lateral bend of the spine is called scoliosis
True
T/F: False ribs are not ribs, but rather cartilaginous projections
False
T/F: Osteomyelitis causes an increase in pore space in bone
False
T/F: Bone remodeling only occurs during the repair of breaks and fractures
False
T/F: In a greenstick fracture, the break extends through the bone
False
T/F: A mass of protein fibers, produced after bone injury, is called a procallus
True
T/F: The calcaneus forms the heel
True
T/F: The elbow and knee are examples of condylar joints
False
The layer of connective tissue that separates a skeletal muscle into fascicles is called the
Perimysium
The segment of a sarcomere associated with the length of the thick filaments is the
A Band
The _____ are locations in which neurons transmit electrical impulses through a muscle fiber
Transverse tubules
The space between the end of an axon and a muscle fiber is known as a
Synaptic Cleft
During muscle contraction, Calcium ions attach to ____ which change the shape of ____
Troponin, Tropomyosin
Which of the statements is correct regarding muscle contraction
The power stroke pulls the actin inward to shorten the sarcomere
One of the following statements about muscular responses is not true
When a person is sitting in a chair, none of his/her muscles are contraction
This type of muscle is found lining many of the visceral organs but is not actually part of the muscular system
Smooth Muscle
Which is not a function of the muscular system
Regulate ion concentration in the bloodstream
Which of the following does not belong with the others
Involuntary
Each muscle fiber is surrounded by a fascia known as the
Endomysium
Which description of muscle contraction means that max tension has been reached
Complete tetanus
The term ____ describes a muscle that has reduced the number of myofibrils in its cells due to inactivity
Atropy
Which of the following activities would require the use of anaerobic respiration in muscle fibers
A 400m sprint
The major muscle lining the cheek is the
Buccinator
The largest muscle in the human body is the
Gluteus maximus
The name of the neurotransmitter associated with muscle contraction is
Acetylcholin
The triangle shaped muscle which performs multiple movements of the arm at the shoulder is the
Deltoid
The accumulation of lactic acid in muscle following strenuous activity is due to an insufficient amount of
Oxygen
The weakest stimulus that can initiate a muscle contraction is called
A threshold stimulus
The site of attachment of a muscle tendon to a moveable structure is known as the
Insertion
The name of the following figure is an
Myogram
The type of muscle contraction shown in the graph in Question 24 is
Complete Tetanus
The following molecule is used as a source of energy during intense muscular activity for short periods of time
Creatine phosphate
The human brain is said to have the consistency of this french dairy product
Le Fromage
T/F: Tendonitis involves tearing of muscle associated connective tissue
False
T/F: Each skeletal muscle has one origin and one insertion
False
T/F: When you work out, your muscle cells divide making the muscle larger
False
T/F: Skeletal muscle fibers are multinucleated
True
T/F: Your gastrocnemius is located in your calf region
True
T/F: The acronym RICE stands for Rest Ice Contraction Elevation
False
T/F: All muscle fibers within a muscle contract with the same amount of stimulus
False
T/F: Muscle fatigue occurs as a result of aerobic respiration
False
T/F: The I Band of a sarcomere contains both actin and myosin filaments
False
T/F: Each skeletal is an individual organ
True
T/F: The quadriceps femurs is larger than both biceps brachia muscle combined
True
Which of the following is not an example of systematic anatomy
Pathology
An area of study that describes the location of body parts
Regional Anatomy
How many organ systems are in the human body
11
Skin and hair are major organs in this organ system
Integumentary
Which of the following is a function of the endocrine system
Adjusts metabolic activity and energy use of the body
Which of the following organs is not a part of the same organ system as the others
Kidneys
The production of sound for communication is a function of this organ system
Respiratory
Teeth belong to this organ system
Digestive
Which of the following is not part of the female reproductive system
Ductus deferens
Body cavities are spaces in the body that contain
Organs
Which of the following is not an example of a category of human disease
Hormonal
The anatomical term used to describe position as being closer to the top of the head is
Superior
Which of the following is not a term used to describe a plane of the body
Longitudinal
The study of tissues
Histology
Your fingers are located ____ to your shoulder
Distal
The lungs lie ____ to the rib cage
Medial
Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback response
Bloodclotting
When two or more tissue types combine to form a distinctly organized unit, it is called a(n)
Organ
Which body plane divides the body into equal left and right halves
Midsagittal
Why is homeostasis so important
It allows our body’s essential proteins to function properly
How many effectors are there in a feedback loop?
It can vary depending on the loop and response needed
In a homeostatic feedback loop, which element will ultimately respond to the initial stimulus
Effector
If you needed a cross-sectional image of a bone in your arm, which diagnostic imaging technology would you use?
CAT Scan
This muscle separates the abdominopelvic cavity from the thoracic cavity
Diaphragm
An example of a metabolic disease would include
Diabetes
Cancer is an example of which category of diseases
Neoplastic
This region of the body is also known as the forearm
Antebrachium
Pes is a name given to this region of the body
Foot
Which of the following is not included in the thoracic cavity
Pelvic Cavity
The Pleural Cavity surrounds which organ
Lungs
The abdomen/pelvis is divided into how many regions?
9
The name hypogastric region would suggest
That it is located below the digestive tract
PET scans are good for
Analyzing body function
T/F: Physiology is the study of body structure functions
True
T/F: Mr. David hates trees
False
T/F: The acronym MRI stands from microscopic resonance imaging
False
T/F: Tendons are part of the integumentary system
False
T/F: Homeostasis is good for your health, but not necessary
False
T/F: Temperature regulation is an example of a negative feedback loop
True
T/F: Lesions can be found inside the body
True
T/F: Trauma is considered a cause of disease
True
T/F: The transverse plane divides the anterior and posterior halves of the body
False
T/F: The hand is also known as the manus
True
T/F: The right iliac region of the abdomen is inferior to the right lumbar region
True
