Anatomy: CV dissections Flashcards
Epicardium?
Visceral serous pericardium, the heart’s outermost layer.
Phrenic nerves?
Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves 3,4 and 5 (C3,4,5 andterior rami)
Pathway of the phrenic nerves?
Course through the neck on the scalenus anterior, then between the mediastinal parietal pleura and the fibrous pericardium.
Function of phrenic nerves?
Somatic sensory (fibrous pericardium, parietal pleura, diaphragm).
Somatic motor (diaphragm’s skeletal muscle)
Sympathetic (arterioles of the above structures).
Pericardiocentesis?
Perforemed in pericardial effusion (e.g. haemopericardium)
Branches of the right coronary artery?
-marginal artery
posterior interventricular artery (in the posterior interventricular groove)
Branches of the left coronary artery are…
- LAD (left anterior descending, in the anterior interventricular groove)
- circumflex artery (in the left atrioventricular groove)
Coronary sinus is…
- the main vein of the heart, draining into the right atrium
- found in the atrioventricular groove
What artery can be used in CABG to create an anastemosis?
internal thoracic artery.
The blood passes from the aorta, through the subclavian artery and the internal thoracic artery, to the coronary circulation.
Position of the thoracic duct?
in the midline, posterior to the oesophagus and to the left of the azygous vein.
Course of the azygous vein?
travels superiorly on the ribcage, then arches and drains into the SVC.
It collects blood from the intercostal veins.
On the anterior surface of which muscle does the phrenic nerve descend into the mediastinum?
Scalenus anterior muscle
From which nerves do the recurrent laryngeal nerves branch off?
From the vagus nerve.
The left recurrent laryngeal nerve travels below the arch of the aorta.
What is central venous access?
Central line - a catheter placed into a large vein (internal jugular, sublavian veins, SVC, IVC, femoral veins).
Used for injection of fluids, drugs, radiographical contrasts.
