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Anatomy > Anatomy Chp 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy Chp 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Matter

A

Anything that occupies space and has weight

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2
Q

Physical Change

A

Only changes the physical appearance.

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3
Q

Chemical Change

A

When the matter has been transformed into something else.

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4
Q

Element

A

Matter that is composed of atoms that have the same number of positive charges in their nuclei

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5
Q

The most abundant elements found in the body are:

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. They make up 96% of the body.

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6
Q

Trace elements are :

A

Found in tiny amounts

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7
Q

Subatomic Particles

A

protons, neutrons and electrons

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8
Q

Where are the protons and neutrons located?

A

in the nucleus

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9
Q

What electrical charge does a proton carry?

A

Positive

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10
Q

What electrical charge does a neutron carry?

A

none

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11
Q

Where are the electrons located?

A

In the shells or orbits surrounding the nucleus

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12
Q

What type of electrical charge does an electron have?

A

Negative

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13
Q

Atomic Mass

A

Determined by adding the protons and neutrons in the nucleus

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14
Q

Atomic Number

A

Number of protons in the nucleus

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15
Q

Isotope

A

Different form of the same atom with the same atomic number but different atomic mass.

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16
Q

Radioisotope

A

Unstable isotope

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17
Q

Radioactivity

A

Process of spontaneous decay

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18
Q

Where are the electrons located important in chemical bonding of an atom

A

the outermost shell

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19
Q

Chemical Bond

A

Electrical attraction between atoms

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20
Q

Ionic Bond

A

Caused by a transfer of electrons

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21
Q

Covalent Bond

A

Sharing of electrons

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22
Q

Organic Chemistry

A

The study of carbon-containing substances

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23
Q

Inorganic Chemistry

A

The study of non-carbon-containing substances.

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24
Q

Hydrogen Bond

A

Weak intermolecur bond formed between hydrogen and a negatively charged atom

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25
Q

Polar Molecule

A

A molecule that has a lopsided charge

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26
Q

Ions

A

Atoms that carry an electrical charge

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27
Q

Cation

A

A positively charged ion

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28
Q

Anion

A

A negatively charged ion.

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29
Q

Electrolyte

A

Substance that forms ions when it dissolves in water

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30
Q

Ionization

A

the dissociation process

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31
Q

Molecule

A

When 2 or more atoms bond

32
Q

Compound

A

Substance that contains molecules formed by 2 or more different atoms

33
Q

Chemical reaction

A

procsess where the atoms of a molecule or compounds interact to form a new chemical combination

34
Q

Catalyst

A

Chemical substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

35
Q

Enzymes

A

When proteins preform the role of catalysts

36
Q

Acid

A

An electrolyte that dissociates into hydrogen ion and an anion

37
Q

Strong Acid

A

Dissociates completely into hydrogen ion and an anion

38
Q

Weak Acid

A

does not dissociate completely

39
Q

Base

A

Substances that combine with hydrogen ion and has a bitter taste and slippery like soap

40
Q

pH

A

A unit of measurement that indicates how many hydrogen ions are in a solution

41
Q

pH scale

A

Ranging from 0-14. pH of 7 is neutral

42
Q

pH less than 7

A

Acid

43
Q

pH more than 7

A

Alkaline

44
Q

Acidosis

A

Imbalance caused by excess hb concentration in the blood causing the blood pH to decrease below 7.35 respitory acidosis/metabolic acidosis

45
Q

Alkalosis

A

Imbalance associated with a decrease in hb concentration and increase in blood pH higher than 7.45

46
Q

Energy

A

ability to preform work

47
Q

Mechanical Energy

A

movement

48
Q

Chemical Energy

A

Stored within the chemical bonds holding the atoms together

49
Q

Thermal energy

A

heat

50
Q

Radiant energy

A

Light

51
Q

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

A

Energy storing and energy transferring molecule found in all cells

52
Q

Mixtures

A

Combinations of 2 or more substances that can be seperated physically

53
Q

Solutions

A

mixtures

54
Q

Solute

A

Substances present in the smaller amount (substance being dissolved) such as salt in salt water

55
Q

Solvent

A

Part of the solution present in the greater amount (water in salt water) usually liquid or gas

56
Q

Aqueous Solution

A

water is the solvent

57
Q

Tincture

A

Alcohol is the solvent

58
Q

Suspensions

A

Mixtures where the particles are relatively large and tend to settle at the bottom unless shaken continuously

59
Q

Colloidal suspension

A

particles do not dissolve but are so small that they remain suspended within the liquid even when not shaken

60
Q

Colloid

A

Gel like substance that resembles egg whites

61
Q

precipitate

A

the solid result of a precipitation reaction ( kidney stones)

62
Q

Valence

A

of electrons an atom must lose or gain to complete its outermost orbital

63
Q

H

A

Hydrogen

64
Q

O

A

Oxygen

65
Q

C

A

Carbon

66
Q

N

A

Nitrogen

67
Q

Na

A

Sodium

68
Q

Cl

A

Chlorine

69
Q

Ca

A

Calcium

70
Q

P

A

Phosporus

71
Q

K

A

Potassium

72
Q

S

A

Sulfur

73
Q

Mg

A

Magnesium

74
Q

Fe

A

Iron

75
Q

3.8% of the body is made up of

A

Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, magnesium

76
Q

0.2%

A

Trace Elements

77
Q

65% of body mass

A

Oxygen

Anatomy (3 decks)

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