Anatomy: bones and muscles of the upper limb Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the arterial supply to the right upper limb

A

Brachiocephalic trunk

Right subclavian artery

Right axillary

Right brachial

Right radial/ulna

Digital arteries

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2
Q

Describe the arterial supply to the left upper limb

A

Left subclavian artery

Left axillary

Left brachial

Left radial/ulna

Digital arteries

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3
Q

At what point does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?

A

The lateral border of the first rib

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4
Q

At what point does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?

A

The lower border of teres major

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5
Q

What travels in the intertubercular fossa?

A

The tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii

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6
Q

Which part of the clavicle is most likely to be fractured?

A

Middle 3rd

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7
Q

Which joint form the only attachment point between the upper limb and the axial skeleton?

A

Synovial sternocalvicular joint

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8
Q

Which nerve would be damaged in a midshaft humeral #?

What muscles does this innervate?

How would the patient present?

A

Radial nerve

Innervates extensors of the wrist

Patient may present with unopposed wrist flexion, ‘wrist drop’

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9
Q

Which nerve would be damaged in a surgical neck of humerus #?

What muscles does this innervate?

How would the patient present?

A

Axillary nerve

Innervates teres minor and deltoid muscles

Patient may present with loss of arm abduction

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10
Q

What structures from the coracoacromial arch?

A

Acromion

Deltoid fascia

Deltoid muscle

Coracoacromial ligament

Coracoid process

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11
Q

Which nerve is at risk of damage in a surgical neck of humerus #?

What does this nerve innervate?

Would would loss of innervation look like?

A

Axillary nerve

Innervates teres minor and deltoid muscles

Loss of arm abduction

Loss of sensation over regimental badge area

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12
Q

What structures pass near to/along the radial groove of the humerus?

A

Radial nerve

Deep brachial artery

At risk of damage in midshaft #

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13
Q

Which nerve is at risk of damage in a midshaft humeral #?

What does this nerve innervate?

Would would loss of innervation look like?

A

Radial nerve

Innervates extensors of the wrist

Loss of wrist extension, unopposed wrist flexion = wrist drop

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14
Q

Which nerve is most at risk of damage in shoulder dislocation?

A

Axillary nerve

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15
Q

Name the 4 rotator cuff muscles and their nerve supply

A

Supraspinatus
-suprascapular nerve

Infraspinatus
-suprascapular nerve

Teres minor
-axillary nerve

Subscapularis
-upper and lower subscapular nerve

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16
Q

Supraspinatus muscle innervation and action

A

Suprascapular nerve (C5,6)

Abduction of the arm (greater tubercle of humerus)

17
Q

Infraspinatus muscle innervation and action

A

Suprascapular nerve (C5,6)

Lateral rotation of the arm (middle point of greater tubercle)

18
Q

Teres minor innervation and action

A

Axillary nerve (C5,6)

Lateral rotation of the arm (inferior part of greater tubercle)

19
Q

Teres major innervation and action

A

Inferior subscapular nerve (C5,6,7)

Medial rotation and arm extension (intertubercular sulcus)

20
Q

Biceps brachii innervation and action

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

Forearm flexion

21
Q

Coracobrachialis innervation and action

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

Arm adduction

22
Q

Brachialis innervation and action

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

Elbow flexion

23
Q

What 3 muscles are in the anterior compartment of the arm?

What nerve supplies them?

What actions do the muscles bring about?

A

Long = short head of biceps
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

Musculocutaneous nerve

Forearm suppination
Elbow and shoulder flexion

24
Q

What passes deep to the bicipital aponeurosis?

A

Medial nerve

Brachial artery

25
What 3 things pass through the suprascapular foramen?
Suprascapular nerve, vein and artery
26
Which nerves innervate the pectoralis major? What is its action?
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves Shoulder adduction and medial rotation
27
Which nerve innervates the pectoralis minor? Which ribs does it attach to? Where is its origin? What is its action?
Medial pectoral nerve Ribs 3-5 Coracoid process of scapula Scapula depression and protraction