Anatomy: bones and muscles of the upper limb Flashcards
Describe the arterial supply to the right upper limb
Brachiocephalic trunk
Right subclavian artery
Right axillary
Right brachial
Right radial/ulna
Digital arteries
Describe the arterial supply to the left upper limb
Left subclavian artery
Left axillary
Left brachial
Left radial/ulna
Digital arteries
At what point does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?
The lateral border of the first rib
At what point does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?
The lower border of teres major
What travels in the intertubercular fossa?
The tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii
Which part of the clavicle is most likely to be fractured?
Middle 3rd
Which joint form the only attachment point between the upper limb and the axial skeleton?
Synovial sternocalvicular joint
Which nerve would be damaged in a midshaft humeral #?
What muscles does this innervate?
How would the patient present?
Radial nerve
Innervates extensors of the wrist
Patient may present with unopposed wrist flexion, ‘wrist drop’
Which nerve would be damaged in a surgical neck of humerus #?
What muscles does this innervate?
How would the patient present?
Axillary nerve
Innervates teres minor and deltoid muscles
Patient may present with loss of arm abduction
What structures from the coracoacromial arch?
Acromion
Deltoid fascia
Deltoid muscle
Coracoacromial ligament
Coracoid process
Which nerve is at risk of damage in a surgical neck of humerus #?
What does this nerve innervate?
Would would loss of innervation look like?
Axillary nerve
Innervates teres minor and deltoid muscles
Loss of arm abduction
Loss of sensation over regimental badge area
What structures pass near to/along the radial groove of the humerus?
Radial nerve
Deep brachial artery
At risk of damage in midshaft #
Which nerve is at risk of damage in a midshaft humeral #?
What does this nerve innervate?
Would would loss of innervation look like?
Radial nerve
Innervates extensors of the wrist
Loss of wrist extension, unopposed wrist flexion = wrist drop
Which nerve is most at risk of damage in shoulder dislocation?
Axillary nerve
Name the 4 rotator cuff muscles and their nerve supply
Supraspinatus
-suprascapular nerve
Infraspinatus
-suprascapular nerve
Teres minor
-axillary nerve
Subscapularis
-upper and lower subscapular nerve
Supraspinatus muscle innervation and action
Suprascapular nerve (C5,6)
Abduction of the arm (greater tubercle of humerus)
Infraspinatus muscle innervation and action
Suprascapular nerve (C5,6)
Lateral rotation of the arm (middle point of greater tubercle)
Teres minor innervation and action
Axillary nerve (C5,6)
Lateral rotation of the arm (inferior part of greater tubercle)
Teres major innervation and action
Inferior subscapular nerve (C5,6,7)
Medial rotation and arm extension (intertubercular sulcus)
Biceps brachii innervation and action
Musculocutaneous nerve
Forearm flexion
Coracobrachialis innervation and action
Musculocutaneous nerve
Arm adduction
Brachialis innervation and action
Musculocutaneous nerve
Elbow flexion
What 3 muscles are in the anterior compartment of the arm?
What nerve supplies them?
What actions do the muscles bring about?
Long = short head of biceps
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
Musculocutaneous nerve
Forearm suppination
Elbow and shoulder flexion
What passes deep to the bicipital aponeurosis?
Medial nerve
Brachial artery
What 3 things pass through the suprascapular foramen?
Suprascapular nerve, vein and artery
Which nerves innervate the pectoralis major?
What is its action?
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Shoulder adduction and medial rotation
Which nerve innervates the pectoralis minor?
Which ribs does it attach to? Where is its origin?
What is its action?
Medial pectoral nerve
Ribs 3-5
Coracoid process of scapula
Scapula depression and protraction
