Anatomy: Blood Supply Of The Abdomen

Question 1

What artery supplies the foregut?

Answer 1

Celiac trunk
(Branches off from abdominal aorta at T12)

Question 2

What artery supplies the midgut?

Answer 2

Superior mesenetric artery
(branches off from the abdominal aorta at L1)

Question 3

What artery supplies the hindgut?

Answer 3

Inferior mesenteric artery
(Branches off from the abdominal aorta at L3)

Question 4

What does the foregut consist of?

Answer 4

from oesophagus to the duodenum at the level of the major duodenal papilla - where the pancreatic and bile duct inserts

• oesophagus
• stomach
• proximal duodenum
• liver
• gall bladder
• pancreas
• spleen

Question 5

What does the midgut consist of?

Answer 5

from distal proportion of the duodenum to the last 1/3 of the transverse Colon

• distal duodenum
• jejunum
• ileum
  -cecum
• appendix
• ascending colon
• proximal 2/3rds of the transverse colon

Question 6

What does the hindgut consist of?

Answer 6

from distal 1/3rd of the transverse colon to the anal canal - above pectinal line

• distal 1/3rd of the transverse colon
• descending colon
• sigmoid colon
• rectum

Question 7

What is the anatomy/structure of the celiac trunk?

Answer 7

• T12
• anteriorly inferiorly for <2cm until it branches out into 3 arteries
• left gastric artery, splenic artery and common hepatic artery

Question 8

Left gastric artery (structure and that)

Answer 8

• a branch of the celiac trunk
• ascends where it gives the oesophageal branch where it supplies the distal portion of the oesophagus
• curves down along the lesser curvature of the stomach and within the lesser omentum -> smaller branches that supply the anterior and posterior walls of the stomach
• anastomoses with the right gastric artery

Question 9

Splenic artery (structure and that)

Answer 9

• a branch of the celiac trunk
• branches left in within the splenorenal ligament (between spleen and left kidney)
• Gives branches for the body of the pancreas, a posterior gastric branch and a branch for the hilum of the spleen
• at hilum of the spleen the splenic artery gives short gastric artery’s for the fundus of the stomach and for the left gastro-omental (gastroepiploic) artery
• the left gastro-omental (gastroepiploic) artery descends along the greater curvature of the stomach and supplies the wall adjacent to it

Question 10

Common hepatic artery (structure and that)

Answer 10

• goes towards the porta hepatisc which is small but deep transfissure to which all the neurovascular structures of the liver pass
• separates into 2 main branches: gastroduodenum artery and the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

Question 11

Gastroduodenum artery (structures and that)

Answer 11

-originates from the common hepatic artery
- Gastroduodenum artery descends behind the first part of the duodenum and gives two more major branches: right gastro-omental artery (gastroepiploic a.) which enters the greater omentum and passes along the greater curvature of the stomach and supply its walls and anastomoses with the left gastro-omental artery

Question 12

Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery (structures and that)

Answer 12

• originates from the common hepatic artery
• divides into anterior and posterior branches - descend infront and behind of the head of the pancreas respectively
• supply head of the pancreas and proximal part of the duodenum