Anatomy: back - joints and ligaments Flashcards
SYNDESMOSES (FIBROUS JOINTS)
Label the following
What fibre type predominates in these?
Collagen fibres
- Interspinous ligament
SYNDESMOSES (FIBROUS JOINTS)
Anterior/posterior longitudinal ligaments
SYNDESMOSES (FIBROUS JOINTS)
Ligamentum flavum
- It runs between adjacent ___________ .
- It has a high composition of ____________ fibres.
- Why is it named the ligamentum flavum?
- What vertebral levels does it run between?
- What movement does it limit?
Laminae
Elastic fibres
It’s yellow-ish (due to elastic fibre content)
C2-S1
Limits flexion
SYNDESMOSES (FIBROUS JOINTS)
Nuchal ligament, supraspinous ligament, interspinous ligament
SYNDESMOSES (FIBROUS JOINTS)
Intertransverse ligaments
- Where do they run between?
Adjacent transverse processes
SYMPHYSES (SECONDARY CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS)
What is the symphyses within the spine?
Intervertebral discs
SYMPHYSES (SECONDARY CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS)
Intervertebral discs
- Label and describe their structure
The annulus fibrosis is tough, made of concentric fibrous rings
The nucleus puloposus is more deformable, a central elastic mass
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Zygapophyseal/facet joints
- Articulation occurs between which structures?
- What kind of synovial joint is it? What kind of movement does it allow?
Planar joint - translation
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Atlantooccipital joint
- Articulation occurs between which surfaces?
- What kind of joint is it? What kind of movement does it allow?
- Condylar joints -which act together to enable flexion and extension of the neck (nodding)
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Atlantoaxial joint: pivot part
- What are the points of articulation?
- What ligament supports this?
- What movement does it allow?
Anterior arch of C1, dens of C2
Transverse ligament - joins the two lateral masses, holds the dens in place
Rotation of the neck (shaking of head)
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Atlantoaxial joint: planar part
- What are the articulation points?
- What movement does it allow
2 lateral facets
Translation
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Uncovertebral (Lushka’s) joints
- What vertebrae are involved?
- Articulation occurs between which structures?
LIGAMENTS ABOUT THE AXIS, ATLAS, AND OCCIPITAL BONE
Layer A (name I gave lol - most posterior)
- What ligament is at this layer?
- At C2, this ligament will deviate around the atlanxoaxial joint to from the _______________ membrane, which will attach where?
Posterior longitudinal ligament
Tectorial membrane
Anterior margin of the foramen magnum
LIGAMENTS ABOUT THE AXIS, ATLAS, AND OCCIPITAL BONE
Layer B
- What are the ligaments and their attachments?
- What are these ligaments called collectively?
Transverse ligament (of atlas): between lateral masses of C1
Superior longitudinal band: anterior margin of the foramen magnum –> transverse ligament
Inferior longitudinal band: transverse ligament –> body of C2
LIGAMENTS ABOUT THE AXIS, ATLAS, AND OCCIPITAL BONE
Layer C
- What are the ligaments and their attachments?
Apical ligament: tip of dens –> anterior margin of foramen magnum
Alar ligaments: tip of dens –> occipital condyles (laterally)
LIGAMENTS ABOUT THE AXIS, ATLAS, AND OCCIPITAL BONE
Superior view
- Label the ligaments
- What ligaments can’t you see?
Superior/inferior longitudinal bands
LIGAMENTS ABOUT THE AXIS, ATLAS, AND OCCIPITAL BONE
Superiorly, the anterior longitudinal ligament will become the _________ ______________ __________, which will attach where?
Superiorly, the posterior longitudinal ligament will become the ____________ __________, which will attach where?
Superiorly, the ligamentum flavum will become the _________ ______________ __________, which will attach where?
Superiorly, the anterior longitudinal ligament will become the ANTERIOR ATLANTOOCCIPITAL MEMBRANE, which will attach to the anterior aspect of the foramen magnum
Superiorly, the posterior longitudinal ligament will become the TECTORIAL MEMBRANE, which will attach to the anterior margin of the foramen magnum
Superiorly, the ligamentum flavum will become the POSTERIOR ATLANTOOCCIPITAL MEMBRANE, which will attach to the posterior aspect of the foramen magnum
SYNOVIAL JOINTS: THORACIC
Costotransverse joints
- Where does articulation occur?
- Which ribs and vertebrae are involved?
Tubercule of rib + costal facets of transverse process
Ribs 1-10, thoracic vertebrae 1-10
SYNOVIAL JOINTS: THORACIC
Costovertebral joints
- Describe where articulation occurs
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Movement of the vertebral column depends on which 3 factors?
Intervertebral disc thickness
Zygapophyseal morphology
Vertebral body size
SYNOVIAL JOINTS
Fill out this table detailing movements of the vertebral column
