Anatomy (Appleton + BRS)

Question 1

The vertebral column does all of the following EXCEPT
(A) protect the spinal cord and spinal nerves
(B) support the weight of the body
(C) provide a pivot for the head
(D) play an important role in posture and locomotion
(E) form the main part of the appendicular skeleton

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which of the following is a distinctive characteristic of a typical lumbar vertebra?
(A) The body is massive and kidney-shaped when viewed superiorly.
(B) The vertebral foramen is circular and smaller than those of cervical and lumbar vertebrae.
(C) The transverse processes are long and slender and contain mammillary processes.
(D) The articular processes contain accessory processes.
(E) The spinous processes are long and slope posteroinferiorly

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a distinctive characteristic of a typical cervical vertebra?
(A) The body is small and wider from side to side than anteroposteriorly.
(B) The vertebral foramen is large and
triangular
(C) The transverse processes contain transverse foramina.
(D) The articular processes contain superior facets directed inferoanteriorly
(E) The spinous processes are short and bifid

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a distinctive characteristic of a typical thoracic vertebra?
(A) The body is heart-shaped.
(B) The vertebral foramen is triangular and larger than in cervical and lumbar vertebrae
(C) The transverse processes are long and strong and extend posterolaterally.
(D) The articular processes contain superior facets directed posteriorly and slightly laterally.
(E) The spinous processes are long and slope posteroinferiorly

Question 2

Which of the following is true regarding the intervertebral disc between the C1 and C2 vertebrae?
(A) Its annulus fibrosus is composed of concentric lamellae of fibrocartilage.
(B) It does not contain a nucleus pulposus as other intervertebral discs do.
(C) It is thicker than other intervertebral discs.
(D) It acts like a shock absorber in response to axial forces.
(E) There is no intervertebral disc between the C1 and C2 vertebrae

Question 3

All of the following are true regarding the posterior longitudinal ligament EXCEPT
(A) It is narrower and weaker than the anterior longitudinal ligament.
(B) It runs within the vertebral canal and connects the vertebral bodies to each other.
(C) It is provided with pain nerve endings.
(D) It helps prevent hyperextension of the vertebral column.
(E) It is attached to the intervertebral discs and the posterior edges of the vertebral bodies.

Question 4

Spinal arteries supplying the vertebrae are branches of the
(A) vertebral and ascending cervical arteries in the neck
(B) posterior intercostal arteries in the lumbar region
(C) subcostal and lumbar arteries in the pelvis
(D) iliolumbar and lateral and medial sacral arteries in the thorax
(E) aorta

Question 5

Which of the following back muscles is innervated by dorsal rami?
(A) latissimus dorsi
(B) levator scapulae
(C) rhomboid major
(D) rhomboid minor
(E) longissimus

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a deep (or intrinsic) muscle of the back?
(A) serratus posterior inferior
(B) levatores costarum
(C) iliocostalis
(D) multifidus
(E) splenius capitis

Question 6

The splenius capitis and cervicis
(A) extend the head and neck
(B) flex the head and neck
(C) elevate ribs, assisting inspiration
(D) stabilize the atlas and axis
(E) move the upper limb

Question 7

The erector spinae muscles
(A) flex the vertebral column
(B) flex the head
(C) control flexion of the back
(D) prevent lateral bending of the vertebral column
(E) assist with elevation

Question 8

Which of the following is not a member of the minor deep layer of the back?
(A) levatores costarum
(B) cervical intertransversarii
(C) spinalis
(D) interspinales
(E) thoracic intertransversarii

Question 9

The transversospinalis muscles do all of the following EXCEPT
(A) extend the head
(B) extend the thoracic and cervical regions of the vertebral column
(C) elevate ribs, assisting inspiration
(D) stabilize vertebrae
(E) assist with rotation of the vertebral column

Question 10

Which of the following muscles does NOT attach to transverse processes of vertebrae?
(A) semispinalis
(B) multifidus
(C) rotatores
(D) intertransversarii
(E) spinalis