Anatomy (Anterior Forearm - 11/5)

Question 1

Head of Radius articulates with _____ of ulna

Answer 1

Radial notch

Question 2

Head of radius articulates with —— of humerus

Answer 2

capitulum

Question 3

the _________ connects the radius and ulna

Answer 3

Interosseous membrane

Question 4

The ______ process of the ulna articulates with the _______ of the humerus

Answer 4

Olecranon process of ulna with trochlea of humerus

Question 5

Styloid process of radius articulates with _______

Answer 5

Scaphoid and lunate carpal bones

Question 6

Ulna styloid process with _____

Answer 6

articular disc

Question 7

Lateral cutaneous antebrachial nerve

Answer 7

Sensory nerve, continuation of musculocutaneous nerve (that supplied flexors)
Supplies lateral anterior/posterior of forearm

Question 8

Superficial branch of radial nerve

Answer 8

Supplies posterior arm, forearm and back of hand

Question 9

Median nerve

Answer 9

3.5 digits (thumb) of palm of hand (flexors)

Question 10

Ulnar nerve

Answer 10

Little finger + half next

Question 11

Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm (antebrachial)

Answer 11

Arises from posterior cord in brachial plexus

Anterior arm + medial part of forearm

Question 12

Brachioradialis

Answer 12

Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus –> radius (proximal to styloid process)
Radial nerve
Forearm flexor

Question 13

5 superficial flexors in forearm

Answer 13

Pronator teres, Flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor carpi ulnaris

All originate from medial epicondyle
All innervated by median nerve EXCEPT FCU (ulnar nerve)

Question 14

Pronator Teres

Answer 14

Medial epicondyle humerus & ulnar head –> radius

Pronate and flex forearm
Median nerve

Question 15

Flexor carpi radialis

Answer 15

Medial epicondyle humerus –> base of 2nd metacarpal

Flex and abduct hand (pull towards thumb)
Median nerve

Question 16

Palmaris Longus

Answer 16

Medial epicondyle humerus –> palmar aponeurosis
Flex hand at wrist
Median nerve

Question 17

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 17

Medial epicondyle humerus, coronoid process of ulna, radius –> middle phalange of medial 4 digits
Note: deeper than other muscles of superficial group
Flex phalanges and wrist
Median nerve

Question 18

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 18

Medial epicondyle humerus –> base of 5th metacarpal
Flex and ulnar deviation (adduct) hand
Ulnar nerve

Question 19

Which tendons of 5 superficial flexors pass through carpal tunnel? Which nerve?

Answer 19

Flexor digitorum superficialis (4), median nerve

Question 20

3 muscles attached to radius and ulna (deep group)

Answer 20

Flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus

Median nerve innervates all but ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus (ulnar nerve)

Question 21

Flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 21

Proximal anterior ulna/interosseous membrane –> through carpal tunnel –> distal phalanx of 2-5
Median nerve for 2 and 3, ulnar 4 and 5
Flex 2-5

Question 22

Flexor pollicis longus

Answer 22

Anterior radial surface/interosseous membrane—> carpal tunnel –> terminal phalanx of thumb

Anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median nerve)

Flex thumb

Question 23

Pronator quadratus

Answer 23

Distal radius/ulna
Anterior osseous nerve (median nerve)
Pronates radius

Question 24

Anterior interosseous nerve

Answer 24

Branch of median nerve

Supplies radial half of FDP, FPL and pronator quadratus

Question 25

Median nerve supplies ________ of forearm except _______

Answer 25

Median nerve supplies ALL flexor muscles of forearm except Flexor carpi ulnaris (ulnar nerve) and ulnar half of Flexor digitorum produndus (ulnar nerve)

Question 26

Locations of median nerve

Answer 26

Deep to flexor digitorum superficialis, above FDP

Question 27

Pronator syndrome

Answer 27

Compression of median nerve by pronator teres muscle
After repetitive elbow motions
Chronic aching sensation localized to forearm with pain occasionally radiating into elbow

Question 28

Ulnar nerve

Answer 28

Medial cord –> ulnar nerve –> located deep to flexor carpi ulnaris

Innervates flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus

Question 29

Brachial artery divides in _________ to _____ and _____ arteries

Answer 29

BA divides at cubital fossa into ulnar and radial arteries

Question 30

Radial artery

Answer 30

From brachial artery, goes to radial side and runs under brachioradialis with superficial branch of radial nerve

Common site to take pulse

Question 31

Ulnar artery

Answer 31

Passes posteriorly to go deep to superficial muscles of forearm
Branches - common interosseus artery
UA joins ulnar nerve - enter palm of hand

Question 32

Common interosseous artery

Answer 32

From Ulnar artery

Branches into anterior and posterior interosseous arteries

Question 33

Anterior interosseous artery

Answer 33

Joins anterior interosseous nerve –> pass between FDP and FPL

Question 34

Posterior interosseous artery

Answer 34

Passes above interosseous membrane to posterior compartment of forearm

Question 35

Colles and smith’s fractures

Answer 35

Colles’ - most common, distal end of radius displaced dorsally – dinner fork hand
Smith’s - opposite, distal end radius displaced ventrally

Question 36

What nerve supplies most of forearm flexors? What supplies the rest?

Answer 36

Median nerve supplies all but Flexor Carpi Ulnaris and Ulnar half of Flexor Digitorum Profundus (Ulnar nerve)

Question 37

Median nerve injury at elbow vs. Anterior Interosseous Nerve injury

Answer 37

Median: can’t flex proximal joints of 1-3, distal of 2-3, 4-5 reduced –> Hand of benediction, no thumb
AIO: Can’t make OK (pinch), thumb

Question 38

Ulnar nerve injury at elbow

Answer 38

NO FCU, FDP –> cannot ulnar deviate, flex 4-5 –> claw hand

Radial deviation of hand, flexion of middle fingers d/t no FDP to counteract

Question 39

Ulnar nerve injury at wrist

Answer 39

Ulnar canal Syndrome
Decreased sensation
Can still flex and no radial deviation
Some clawing still occurs