Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Skin MS: Week 2 > Anatomy (ANS - 11/3) > Flashcards

Anatomy (ANS - 11/3) Flashcards

1
Q

ANS (Visceral motor system) innervates __________

A

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many neurons in ANS system

A

2 (preganglionic cell body in CNS and postganglionic cell body in peripheral ganglion - motor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Preganglionic cell bodies

A

CNS - multipolar
Sympathetic in Lateral Horn (T1-L2/3)
Parasympathetic in Brain stem (CN III, VII, IX, X) or sacral region S2-S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Postganglionic cell bodies

A

Autonomic ganglion (depending on para/sympathetic) - multipolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sympathetic originates from preganglionic cell neurons having cell bodies in _____

A

Lateral gray horn (intermediolateral cell column) of spinal cord levels T1 to L2/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Parasympathetic have cell bodies in ____

A

Cranial nerve nuclei III, VII, IX, X and spinal cord segments
S2,3,4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where do preganglionic sympathetic neurons exit from lateral horn?

A

Ventral root (motor) to join spinal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sympathetic preganglionic neuron pathway

A

Lateral horn –> ventral root –> spinal cord –> communicating white ramus –> sympathetic chain to synapse with postganglionic OR travel to prevertebral ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Lateral Horn

A

T1-L2/3
Sympathetic preganglionic cell bodies
Intermediolateral cell column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

White communicating ramus

A

Spinal nerve to sympathetic chain ganglia (preganglionic sympathetic fibers - axons)
Myelinated axons
14 pairs (28 total) from T1-L2
Also contain visceral sensory nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

4 Options for Preganglionic Sympathetic neurons

A
  1. Terminate with postsynaptic neuron of paravertebral ganglion at that spinal cord level
  2. Ascend to terminated at higher paravertebral level
  3. Descend to terminate at lower paravertebral leve
  4. Traverse sympathetic trunk w/o terminating –> splanchnic (visceral) nerves –> prevertebral ganglia (pre-aortic) or adrenal gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Postganglionic sympathetic cell bodies

A

Paravertebral (sympathetic chain) ganglia OR prevertebral (preaortic) ganglia

Cells of adrenal medulla homologous to postganglionic neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cervical paravertebral ganglia

A 
3 ganglia (per side) --> 8 cervical spinal nerves 
Superior cervical ganglion (largest) --> supply head also, Middle, Inferior
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do postganglionic axons leave paravertebral ganglia?

A

Gray rami communicans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many pairs of gray rami?

A

31 pairs - communicate with 31 pairs of spinal nerves (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gray rami communicans

A

31 pairs

Unmyelinated axons from postganglionic sympathetic axons –> spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Cardiopulmonary sympathetic nerves

A

From paravertebral ganglia to supply postG sym fibers to heart and lungs (cardiac, pulmonary, aortic plexuses)
From middle/inferior cervical paravertebral panglia or in upper 5 thoracic paravertebral ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cephalic arterial rami (Sym)

A

postS sym fibers to head, travel with blood vessels, from superior cervical ganglion

19
Q

Prevertebral/preaortic ganglia

A

3 main ones - celiac ganglion, superior mesenteric ganglion, inferior mesenteric ganglion
Also a renal ganglion closely associated with superior mesenteric ganglion
Receive preganglionic sympathetic input over splanchnic nerves (visceral)

20
Q

Splanchnic nerves

A

Carry preganglionic fibers from sypmathetic chain to prevertebral ganglia - postganglionic neruons in prevertebral G send axons to organ of innervation

21
Q

What nerves supply prevertebral ganglia with preganglionic neurons?

A

Splanchnic nerves

22
Q

Adrenal gland (suprarenal gland(

A

Equivalent to postganglionic neuron
Release primarily epinephrine into vascular system
Preganglionic neurons pass through paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia to synapse at AM.

23
Q

What does preganglionic Sym neuron release - onto what receptor

A

Acetylcholine onto nicotinic receptor of PostG sym neuron RO adrenal medulla

24
Q

What does PostG sym neuron release? What do receptors do?

A

Norepinephrine onto
a1, b1 - excitatory
a2, b2 - inhibitory

25
Q

Location of PreG parasympathetic cell bodies

A

Brain stem (for cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X) and sacral spinal cord S2-S4 (for spinal nerves)

LONG - to postG near organ of innervation

26
Q

Postganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies

A

Closer to organ of innervation
In ganglia
In head - named, distinct
Vagus nerve/pelvic nears - terminal ganglia near organs

27
Q

What do preG para neurons release? Receptors?

A

Acetylcholine to Nicotinic receptors on postG

28
Q

What do postG para neurons release? Receptors?

A

Acetylcholine to Muscarinic receptors on organ

29
Q

Enteric nervous system overview

A

Nerve cell bodies of myenteric and submucosal nerve plexus
Postganglionic Para neurons
Terminal ganglia

30
Q

Where are postganglionic parasympathetic nerve cell bodies located?

A

Cranial nerve and terminal ganglia

31
Q

Preganglionic Symp Neurons to the head have cell bodies in _________

A

spinal cord segments T1-T2

32
Q

White Rami communicantes present in body

A

28 (14*2)

33
Q

PostG symp neurons to the head have their cell bodies located in _________

A

paravertebral ganglia

34
Q

Paravertebral ganglia receive innervation via

A

white rami

35
Q

What nerves supply prevertebral ganglia with preganglionic neurons

A

splanchnic nerves

36
Q

Gray rami communicantes

A

62 (31*2)

37
Q

What is the location of postG sym nerve fibers suppling the head?

A

Superior cervical ganglion

38
Q

Where are cell bodies of cardiopulmonary nerves (SYM)

A

Paravertebral plexus

39
Q

Ways postganglionic axons leave paravertebral ganglia

A

Gray rami communicans –> spinal nerves
Cephalic arterial branches/periarterial sym plexus –> head region
Cardiopulmonary nerves –> heart, lungs, esophagus (cardiac/pulmonary/aortic plexuses)

40
Q

Why are cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves postganglionic white abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves preG?

A

CPS come from sympathetic chain ganglia where they synapsed, whereas APS do NOT synapse when they run through SCG and synapse in the prevertebral ganglia

41
Q

Adrenal medulla cells

A

Chromaffin - release primarily epinephrine

42
Q

Exception to rule that postG sym release norepinephrine

A

PostG sym release acetylcholine to innervate sweat glands, smooth muscle in some arteries (i.e. skeletal muscle)

43
Q

vagus nerve

A

CN X
Preganglionic neurons to postganglionic parasym neurons associated w/ heart, lungs, most of abdominal viscera
Largest source of preganglionic para nerve fibers

44
Q

Pelvic splanchnic nerves

A

output of S2-S4 preganglionic to postG parasym –> distal 1/3 of large intestine, pelvic viscera, genitalia

Skin MS: Week 2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions