Anatomy and Pysiology

Question 1

Name the two ball and socket joints:

Answer 1

Hip, Shoulder

Question 2

Name the hinge joints:

Answer 2

Knee, Ankle, Elbow

Question 3

Name the condyloid joint:

Answer 3

Wrist

Question 4

What are the articulating bones at the shoulder?

Answer 4

Scapula, Humorous

Question 5

What are the articulating bones at the hip?

Answer 5

Pelvis, Femur

Question 6

What are the articulating bones at the knee?

Answer 6

Femur, Tibia

Question 7

What are the articulating bones at the elbow?

Answer 7

Humorous, Radius, Ulna

Question 8

What are the articulating bones at the ankle?

Answer 8

Talus, Tibia, Fibula

Question 9

What are the articulating bones at the wrist?

Answer 9

Carpals, Radius, Ulna

Question 10

Define horizontal flexion:

Answer 10

Shoulder moves towards the midline of the body

Question 11

Define horizontal extension

Answer 11

Shoulder moves away from the midline of the body

Question 12

Define medial rotation:

Answer 12

Axis rotates inwards towards the body

Question 13

Define lateral rotation:

Answer 13

Axis rotates outwards away from the body

Question 14

Which two movements occur at the wrist, knee and elbow?

Answer 14

Flexion and extension

Question 15

Which movements occur at the ankle?

Answer 15

Plantar flexion, Doris Flexion

Question 16

Which movements occur at the shoulder?

Answer 16

Flexion, Extention, Adduction, Abduction, Horizontal Flexion, Horizontal Extension, Medial Rotation, Lateral Rotation

Question 17

Which movements occur at the hip?

Answer 17

Flexion, Extension, Adduction, Abduction, Medial Rotation, Lateral Rotation

Question 18

What are the three planes of movement?

Answer 18

Transverse, Sagittal, Frontal

Question 19

Which plane occurs across all three joint types?

Answer 19

The sagittal plane

Question 20

Which movement occur across the sagittal plane?

Answer 20

Flexion, Extension

Question 21

Which movements occur across the frontal plane?

Answer 21

Adduction, Abduction

Question 22

Which movements occur across the transverse plane?

Answer 22

Horizontal Extension, Horizontal Flexion, Medial Rotation, Lateral Rotation

Question 23

Give 2 sports examples of a movement across the sagittal plane:

Answer 23

Forward Roll, Kicking

Question 24

Give 2 sports examples of movements which occur across the frontal plane:

Answer 24

Star jump, Cartwheel

Question 25

Give 2 sports examples of movements which occur across the transverse plane:

Answer 25

Pirouette, Boxing Hook

Question 26

Define agonist:

Answer 26

The muscle responsible for the movement of a joint

Question 27

Define antagonist:

Answer 27

The muscle that has an action opposite to the agonist

Question 28

Define fixative:

Answer 28

The muscle which stabilises the joint/ keeps it still

Question 29

What is an isometric muscle contraction?

Answer 29

Where the muscle contracts but remains the same length

Question 30

Give 4 sports examples of isometric muscle contractions:

Answer 30

Plank, crucifix, rugby scrum, handstand

Question 31

What is an isotonic muscle contraction?

Answer 31

Where the muscle length changes when contracting

Question 32

What does it mean if a muscle contracts concentrically?

Answer 32

The muscle contracts and shortens

Question 33

Give a sports example of a concentric muscle contraction:

Answer 33

A bicep curl

Question 34

What does it mean if a muscle contracts eccentrically?

Answer 34

The muscle relaxes and lengthens

Question 35

Give a sporting example of an eccentric muscle contraction:

Answer 35

Running down a hill

Question 36

What changes in the downward phase of a contraction?

Answer 36

The antagonist muscle becomes the agonist because it is the one working hard against gravity so the muscles switch and also the eccentric and concentric labels switch