Anatomy and Physiology of the Male Repro

Question 1

What kind of feedback does testosterone have at the hypothalamic-pituitary level?

Answer 1

Negative

Question 2

What kind of receptors do Leydig cells have and what hormone do they produce?

Answer 2

LH receptors, testosterone.

Question 3

What cells produce testosterone?

Answer 3

Leydig cells

Question 4

What kind of receptors do sertoli cells have and what hormone do they produce?

Answer 4

FSH receptors and ani-mullerian hormone and inhibin.

Question 5

Which cells produce anti-mullerian hormone?

Answer 5

Sertoli cells

Question 6

What is the male reproductive system composed of anatomically? How does it vary in species?

Answer 6

The scrotum enompasses the testes. The testes is partially surrounded by the epididymis, which is made of of the head, body and tail. Off the epidiymis comes the vas deferens parallel to that is the vascular part of the spermatic cord. the vas deferens end in the ampulla attached to the prostae gland and off the prostate gland comes the vesicular gland.

Dogs have an os penis, bulls have a sigmoid flexure.

Accessory sex glands vary per species:
* Prostate, All domestic animals have one
* Seminal Vesicles: Absent in carnivores
* Ampullae: Absent in dogs, cats and swine
* Bulbourethral Glands: absent in dog
* Ruminant and horses have all 4

Question 7

What are four features and cells of the testes? What do they do?

Answer 7

• Seminiferous tubules= Sperm production
• Sertoli Cells= Inhibin, Anti-Mullerian Hormone production (FSH receptors)
  * “nurse cells”
• Leydig Cells= Testosterone production (LH receptors)
• Rete Testis= Collection duct system that sperm travel through

Question 8

What are the features of the epididimys and what does it do?

Answer 8

Epididymes: Sperm maturation and storage
* Head (caput)
* Body (corpus)
* Tail (cauda)- connects to Vas Deferens

Question 9

What is the anatomy of spermatazoa? What is involved in sperm capacitation?

Answer 9

• Head
• Acrosomal region contains enzymes for
  fertilization
• Contains nuclear DNA (single copy)
• Midpiece
• Contains mitochondria to generate
  energy for movement
• Tail or “Principal Piece” for movement

SpermCapacitation,
Required for fertilization

1. Removal of Surface
   glycoproteins
2. Acrosome reaction: release of
   Hyaluronidase and Acrosin
3. Hypermotility of Flagella