Anatomy and Physiology L3 Flashcards
What is protoplasm?
Cell contains a clear, colourless jelly like substance
what does the Nucleus contain?
Chromosomes
What does the chromosomes contain?
Genes
What is a tissue?
Group of cells which work together to perform a specific function
Which 4 tissues is the body composed of?
- Epithelial tissue
- Nervous tissue
- Muscular tissue
- Connective tissue
What is included in the structure of the skin?
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Basement Membrane
- Subcutaneous layer
Name the five layers of the epidermis?
- Stratum corneum
- Stratum Lucidum
- Stratum Granulosum
- Stratum spinosum
- Stratum Germinativum
What is the Keratinisation zone?
Where the cells begin to die and where they are eventually shed from the skin
What does elastin do?
gives skin its elasticity
What does collagen do?
gives skin its strength
What is the reticular layer in the Dermis?
Network of protein fibres
State the characteristics of Mature Skin?
- Dryness
- Loss of elasticity
- Thin
- Broken Capillaries
- Slack facial contours
- More obvious bony structure
- Puffiness
What else may mature skin show?
- Hair growth on the upper lip or the chin may become darker.
- Dark circles and puffiness may occur under eyes.
- Dermal naevi may become enlarged
- Verucca warts may increase in number.
Name the structures within the dermis?
- Sweat glands
- Hair Follicles
- Sebaceous glands
- Nails
What are the two types of sweat glands?
- Eccrine glands
- Epocrine glands
What is eccrine glands?
- Simple sweat producing glands
- Found over most of the body
- Appear as tiny tubes
- Responsive to heat
- Appear in the epidermis and have a coiled appearance
- Duct opens directly onto surface of skin through a pore
What is apocrine glands?
- Found in armpit, groin and nipple area.
- Larger gland then eccrine gland
- Attached to hair follicle
- Controlled by hormones
- Increase in activity when body is excited, nervous or stressed
- Fluid secreted is thicker than eccrine secretion and can contain fats, sugars and proteins.
- Also contains traces of molecules called pheromones, which causes sexual attraction between individuals.
Describe hair structure?
- Long, slender structure
- grows out of and is part of the skin
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