Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
cranial
toward the head
caudal
toward the tail
rostral
toward the nose
dorsal
toward the top
ventral
toward the bottom
proximal
toward the body
distal
away from the body
palmar
caudal surface of the forelimb from the carpus distally
plantar
caudal surface of the hindlimb from the tarsus distally
medial
toward the median plane (central line) of the body
lateral
away from the median plane (central line) of the body
superficial
toward the surface of the body
deep
toward the center of the body
dorsal plane
parallel to the back and the corresponding surfaces of the head, neck and tail, back of the forelimb and back of the hindlimb
median plane
mid-sagittal plane; central line of the body which divides it into right and left parts
sagittal plane
divides the body into right and left parts, may be in the center (mid-sagittal) or away from the midline and split into unequal parts (para-sagittal)
transverse plane
divides the body into cranial and caudal parts; divides the limbs into proximal and distal parts
withers
the highest part of a horse’s back, lying at the base of the neck above the shoulders
barrel
the middle of the horse where the ribcage is
poll
the back part of the horse’s head
muzzle
the part of the head that comes out of a horse’s face including the jaw, mouth and nose
flank
the part of the horse between the last rib and the hind limbs
brisket
the chest of the horse
stifle
knee; where the femur meets the tibia and fibula
