Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
What does M stand for in MRS C GREN?
It stands for movement
What does R stand for in MRS C GREN?
It stands for reproduction
What does S stand for in MRS C GREN?
It stands for sensitivity
What does C stand for in MRS C GREN?
It stands for cells
What does G stand for in MRS C GREN?
It stands for growth
What does R stand for in MRS C GREN?
It stands for respiration
What does E stand for in MRS C GREN?
It stands for excretion
What does N stand for in MRS C GREN?
It stands for nutrition
Make a photosynthesis equation
CO2+H2O —-> Glucose + O2 Chlorophyll
And light
What colour does starch go with a iodine solution?
Starch turns blue/black
Why is meths used on a leaf?
It is used on a leaf to dissolve out the chlorophyll
Why do we use hot water to soften the membrane?
To allow chlorophyll to leak out
Why do we put a leaf in darkness for 24 hours?
So we can test if a plant needs light to produce starch
What is osmosis?
The movement of water from a high concentration Tao low concentration through a partially permeable membrane
What is transpiration?
Loss of water from leaves of plants by evaporation. It draws water from roots
What are roots?
Roots anchor the plant, allow water and minerals to enter by osmosis and diffusion
What are stems?
Stems hold leaves to the sun, transport water and minerals up and sugars down.
What are leaves?
Photosynthesis: Contains chlorophyll to capture the sun’a energy, broad and flat to provide large surface
What is stomata
Stomata lets CO2 + O2 in and out which close to stop water lose
What are flowers?
Flowers attract insects for pollination, reproduction (seeds in fruit)
What is a cell wall?
Cell walls gives rigidity
What is a cell membrane?
Cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell
What is a vacuole?
A vacuole is storage and cell support
What is a nucleus
Nucleus controls the cell
What is cytoplasm?
Cytoplasm controls cell reactions
What is chloroplast
Chloroplasts conducts photosnyhesis
Name the 5 kingdoms
Plant, animal, fungi, protist (single cell), monera (bacteria)
Name the properties of a plant cell?
Have cell wall, chloroplasts and large vacuoles
Name the properties of animals cells?
No cell wall, small or no vacuoles, no chloroplasts
Name three common properties of animal and plant cells?
They both have cell membranes, cytoplasm, and a nucleus
What is physical digestion?
Breaking food into smaller pieces, increases the surface area for enzymes to better do their job
What is chemical digestion?
Using enzymes and acids to further break large molecules into smaller ones to be more easily absorbed in the small intestine
What does the stomach do?
Digestion. HCl and pepsin (breaks down protein)
What does the gall bladder do?
Stores bile made in liver. Helps break down fat
What is the pancreas?
Produces hormone insulin which helps control sugar levels in blood and more enzymes
What is a Duodenum?
Top of small intestine where vile and pancreatic duct enter
What is a liver?
Multiple functions but sorts/processes nutrients, detoxifies chemicals
What does the large intestine do?
Absorbs water
What does the rectum do?
Hold faeces before removal
What does the anus do?
Egestion of undigested food
What does the appendix do?
No real function but contains bacteria which helps food breakdown
What colour does benedict’s turn whit glucose when heated?
Brick red but blue for everything else
What colour does Biuret turn with protein?
Purple with protein, blue otherwise
Why does digestion keep us alive?
Glucose combined with oxygen in cells to produce energy in respiration for living processes like movement. Fat provides long term energy supply. Protein for growth and repair.
Where do the two heart pumps pump to?
The lungs and the body
What are arteries?
They go away from the heart, all carry oxygenates blood except the pulmonary artery
What are veins?
To the heart all carry deoxygenated blood except the pulmonary vein
What is plasma?
Liquid part of blood which carries blood cells and CO2
What are red blood cells?
Haemoglobin inside carries oxygen
What do white blood cells do?
Help fight infections
What is the hearts direction of flow?
Left ventricle to aorta to body to vena cava to right atrium to right ventricle to pulmonary artery to lungs to pulmonary veins to left atrium and back to left ventricle
What does excretion mean?
Getting rid of waste
What does the kidney get rid of?
Get rid of urea, water and some salts.
What does the lungs get rid of?
Gets rid of CO2 and water
What does the skin get rid of?
Gets rid of water and some salts
