Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
three types of cartilage tissue in the body:
- Hyaline
- Elastic
- Fibrocartilage
- look like frosted glass when freshly
exposed - provide support with flexibility and
resilience
Hyaline cartilage
cover the ends of most bones at movable joints
Articular cartilages
connect the ribs to the sternum (breastbone)
Costal cartilages
which form the skeleton of the larynx (voicebox) and reinforce other respiratory passageways
Respiratory cartilages
support the external nose
Nasal cartilages
the external ear or can be found in the ear
Elastic cartilage
the flap that bends to cover the opening
of the larynx each time we swallow
the epiglottis
highly compressible with great tensile strength
Fibrocartilage
cartilage-forming cells in the surrounding perichondrium secrete new matrix against the external face of the existing cartilage tissue
appositional growth
the lacunae bound chondrocytes divide and secrete new matrix, expanding the cartilage from within.
interstitial growth
forms the long axis of the body and
includes the bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage
Axial skeleton
consists of the bones of the upper and lower limbs and the girdles (shoulder bones and hip bones)
Appendicular skeleton
longer than they are wide(shape of bone)
Long bones
roughly cube shaped; almost as wide as they are long(shape of bone)
Short bones