Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

what are the first two parts of digestion, “first line of defense “

Answer 1

salivary amylase

lingual lipase

Question 2

what are the keratinized parts of the mouth

Answer 2

dorsal aspect of tongue
hard palate
gums

Question 3

what are the non keratinized parts of the mouth

Answer 3

cheeks
lips
soft palate
mucogingival junction/fold

Question 4

what are three regions of the tooth anatom

Answer 4

crown
neck
root

Question 5

what are the three types of tissue in the teeth

Answer 5

enamel
dentin
pulp

Question 6

what are the three attachment apparatuses of teeth

Answer 6

cementum
periodontal ligaments
alveolar process

Question 7

what is the cementum

Answer 7

covers the dentin, attaches the root to the periodontal ligament

Question 8

what are the periodontal ligaments

Answer 8

lines the tooth sockets, anchors the teeth to the socket walls. innervated and provide proprioception

Question 9

what is the alveolar process

Answer 9

a thickened ridge of bone that contains tooth sockets on bones that hold teeth in the maxilla and mandible.

Question 10

what is the name for where the enamel and cementum meet

Answer 10

Cementumal Enamel Junction

Question 11

what is enamel

Answer 11

made up of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. harder than bone because of higher content of calcium salts.

Question 12

how are teeth numbered

Answer 12

right to left on top, 1-16

left to right bottom, 17-32

Question 13

how are molars numbered

Answer 13

front to back, 1st to third

Question 14

Anterior Superior Alveolar block will numb which portion of teeth

Answer 14

anterior to canine

Question 15

Middle Superior Alveolar (MSA) block will numb what

Answer 15

premolars and some of your first molar

Question 16

posterior superior alveolar (PSA) block will numb what teeth

Answer 16

second molar and back.

Question 17

Inferior Alveolar is indicated for what

Answer 17

anesthesia of entire hemi mandible.

fracture repair, removal of teeth, or pain control

Question 18

what is the purpose of a nerve block

Answer 18

reduce the need for oral analgesic

Question 19

what is local infiltration

Answer 19

deposit of local anesthetic directly at or near small terminal endings in the immediate area of treatment

Question 20

what is a regional block

Answer 20

deposit of local anesthetic near a major nerve trunk at a greater distance from the area of treatment, which provides wider areas of anesthesia.

Question 21

what is the target site of a Inferior Alveolar (IA) block

Answer 21

lingula, a small bony bump about halfway back on the inner ramus of the mandible

Question 22

where should the barrel of the syringe be for an IA block

Answer 22

opposite site of injection @ bicuspid

Question 23

what is the depth of penetration for an IA block

Answer 23

2 to 3cm or about 1/2 to 3/4 of a long 1 1/2 inch needle

Question 24

if the bone is contacted too soon on an IA, what does that mean for the needle tip position

Answer 24

located too far anteriorly

Question 25

if a bone is not contacted during an IA what does it mean for the needle tip

Answer 25

located too far posterior

Question 26

how much to you deposit during an IA

Answer 26

1.5ml over 60 seconds