Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards
what are the first two parts of digestion, “first line of defense “
salivary amylase
lingual lipase
what are the keratinized parts of the mouth
dorsal aspect of tongue
hard palate
gums
what are the non keratinized parts of the mouth
cheeks
lips
soft palate
mucogingival junction/fold
what are three regions of the tooth anatom
crown
neck
root
what are the three types of tissue in the teeth
enamel
dentin
pulp
what are the three attachment apparatuses of teeth
cementum
periodontal ligaments
alveolar process
what is the cementum
covers the dentin, attaches the root to the periodontal ligament
what are the periodontal ligaments
lines the tooth sockets, anchors the teeth to the socket walls. innervated and provide proprioception
what is the alveolar process
a thickened ridge of bone that contains tooth sockets on bones that hold teeth in the maxilla and mandible.
what is the name for where the enamel and cementum meet
Cementumal Enamel Junction
what is enamel
made up of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. harder than bone because of higher content of calcium salts.
how are teeth numbered
right to left on top, 1-16
left to right bottom, 17-32
how are molars numbered
front to back, 1st to third
Anterior Superior Alveolar block will numb which portion of teeth
anterior to canine
Middle Superior Alveolar (MSA) block will numb what
premolars and some of your first molar
posterior superior alveolar (PSA) block will numb what teeth
second molar and back.
Inferior Alveolar is indicated for what
anesthesia of entire hemi mandible.
fracture repair, removal of teeth, or pain control
what is the purpose of a nerve block
reduce the need for oral analgesic
what is local infiltration
deposit of local anesthetic directly at or near small terminal endings in the immediate area of treatment
what is a regional block
deposit of local anesthetic near a major nerve trunk at a greater distance from the area of treatment, which provides wider areas of anesthesia.
what is the target site of a Inferior Alveolar (IA) block
lingula, a small bony bump about halfway back on the inner ramus of the mandible
where should the barrel of the syringe be for an IA block
opposite site of injection @ bicuspid
what is the depth of penetration for an IA block
2 to 3cm or about 1/2 to 3/4 of a long 1 1/2 inch needle
if the bone is contacted too soon on an IA, what does that mean for the needle tip position
located too far anteriorly
