Anatomy and Physicology Compared 1.1 Flashcards
Anatomy
The study of structure and form
What Greek word is anatomy derived from
Anatome
Anatome means…
Cut apart or dissect
Anatomists
Scientists who study the form and structure of organisms
Physiology
The study of function of the body parts
Physiologists
Scientists who examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances as well as how the functioning of these organs may be altered via medication or disease
What are 2 professionals who use the scientific method to explain and understand the workings of the body
Anatomists and physiologists
Scientific method
Is a systematic and rigorous process in which scientists:
-examine natural events ( or phenomena) through observation
-develop a hypothesis (possible explanation) for explaining these phenomena
-experiment and test the hypothesis through the collection of data
-determine if the data support the hypothesis, or if the hypothesis needs to be rejected or modified
Microscopic anatomy
Examines structures that cannot be seen by the un aided eye
Microscopic anatomy’s 2 main divisions
Cytology and histology
Cytology
Kyoto’s= a hollow [cell], logos= study
Cytology or cellular anatomy is?
The study of body cells and their internal structure
Histology
Histos=web,tissue
Histology is?
The study of body tissues
Gross anatomy (also called macroscopic anatomy)
Investigates the structure and relationships of body parts that are visible to the unaided eye, such as the intestines , stomach,brain, heart, and kidneys
gross anatomy may be approached in these ways…
systemic anatomy, regional anatomy, surface anatomy, comparative anatomy, embryology
what is systemic anatomy
studies the anatomy of each functional body system. for example, studying the urinary system would involve examining the kidneys (where urine is formed) and the organs of urine transport (ureters and urethra)and storage (urinary bladder). Most undergraduate anatomy and physiology classes use this systemic approach.
what is regional anatomy
examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body as a complete unit. For example, one may study the axillary (armpit) region of the body, and in so doing examine the blood vessels (axillary artery and vein), nerves (branches of the branchial plexus), lymph nodes (axillary lymph nodes), musculature, connective tissue, and skin. Most medical school gross anatomy courses are taught using a regional anatomy approach.
what is surface anatomy
focuses on both the superficial anatomic markings and the internal body structures that relate to the skin covering them. Health-care providers use surface features to identify and locate important landmarks, such as pulse locations or the proper body region on which to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Most anatomy and physiology classes also instruct students on important surface anatomy locations.
what is comparative anatomy
examines the similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species. For example, students in a comparative anatomy class may examine and compare limb structures in humans, chimps, dogs, and cats.
what is embryology
is the discipline concerned with developmental changes occurring from conception to birth.
embryology
embryon = young one
pathologic
pathos = disease
pathologic anatomy…
examines all anatomic changes resulting from disease. both gross anatomic changes and microscopic structures are examined.
