Anatomy and Landmarks Flashcards
Labial frenum
A fold of mucous membrane; frequent area of sore spots and loss of retention if over extended (Limiting)
Labial vestibule
The space between the labial frenum and the buccal frena. (Limiting)
Buccal frenum
Fold(s) of mucous membrane, affected by muscle attachment (including levator anguli oris, obicularis oris and buccinator muscles). May require relief. (Limiting)
Buccal vestibule
The space extending from the buccal frenum to the hamular (pterygomaxillary) notch. The size of the vestibule varies with the contraction of the buccinator muscle, position of the mandible and the size of the residual alveolar ridge. (Limiting)
Coronoid bulge area
The coronoid process of the mandible passes into the space during excursive movements. (Limiting)
Residual alveolar ridges
The primary stress bearing area for the maxillary denture. They are the alveolar processes remaining after the natural teeth have been extracted. (Support)
Maxillary tuberosity
The posterior portion of the residual alveolar ridge. It may require surgical reduction if extends too inferiorly towards the mandible. (Support)
Hamular notch
Depression between the tuberosity and the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate. Marks the posterior border of the maxillary complete denture, as the posterior palatal seal is placed through the center of the notch to enhance retention. (Limiting)
Vibrating line
An imaginary line drawn across the soft palate that marks the beginning of motion (deflection) of the soft palate. It extends from one hamular notch to the other, usually 2mm in front of the palatine fovea. The vibrating line does not mark the junction of the hard palate and the soft palate. Anterior to the vibrating line is called the posterior palatal seal which is important for retention. (Limiting)
Palatine fovea
Two indentations in the middle/posterior part of the palate formed by a coalescence of mucous gland ducts. The fovea aid in determining the posterior border of the maxillary complete denture; located in the glandular region.
Mid-palatine suture
An area of thin tissue that runs anteroposteriorly in the center of the hard palate. It has little resiliency and needs relief in the complete denture to prevent rocking of the denture and soreness from the denture. (Relief)
Incisive papilla
This area needs relief in the denture to avoid any stimulation of the nerve or constriction of the blood vessels. (Relief)
Rugae
2(degree) stress-bearing area. The rugae can resist forward movement of the maxillary denture and may need relief to avoid distortion during impression making as rebounding of the tissue can cause dislodgement of the denture. (Support/Relief)
What is the main support for the maxillary denture
the two palatine processes and the palatine bone
Describe the area where the processes join
very thin soft tissue and as a result, has little resiliency. and is a relief area in the denture to prevent rocking of the denture or soreness by the denture
Buccal Shelf
On either side of the mandible between the buccal frenum and the anterior edge of the masseter muscle. The buccal shelf can be very wide and at right angles to vertical occlusal forces, offers excellent resistance to these forces, is covered by cortical bone and acts as the primary stress-bearing region of the mandible. (Support)
Crest of the residual ridge
Should not be used as a primary stress-bearing area but rather as a relief area if it is thin, narrow and cancellous in nature. If the crest of the ridge is broad and covered with a layer of cortical bone, it can be used as a primary stress- bearing area. (Support/Relief)
Labial frenum
Has fibrous connective tissue attached to the orbicularis oris. (Limiting)
Labial vestibule
Usually shallow due to muscle attachments (including orbicularis oris and incisivus labii inferioris). (Limiting)
Buccal frenum
Muscle attachments from the orbicularis oris, depressor angula oris and buccinator are continuous with those of the maxillary buccal frenum. (Limiting)
Buccal vestibule
Extends from the buccal frenum to the distobuccal corner of the retromolar pad and from the crest of the residual ridge to the cheek. The buccinator muscle attaches in the area of the buccal shelf. (Limiting)
Masseteric notch
Located in the distobuccal corner due to the contraction of the masseter muscle. (Limiting)
Retromolar pad
a triangular region of soft, glandular tissue located at the posterior aspect of the residual alveolar ridge that acts as a posterior seat of the mandibular denture. It also has fibers from multiple muscles that limit any further posterior extension of the mandibular denture. There is also glandular tissue and loose connective tissue. (Limiting)
Lingual frenum
The anterior attachment of the tongue to the anterior lingual aspect of the mandible. (Limiting)
