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PT Boards > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Uncinate process

A

Bony protrusions on the Cervical vertebrae (C3-C7 only) that form the uncovertebral joint with the superior vertebrae (not true joint) Common place for bone spurs and degeneration.

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2
Q

Ligamentum Flavum

A

Runs along pedicles of vertebrae. Helps recover neutral spine after Flexion

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3
Q

Alar Ligament structure and function

A

Foramen magnum-Dens (bilaterally)

Limits excess rotation of neck

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4
Q

Apical ligament

A

Foramen Magnum-Dens vertically

Mainly vestigial, absent 20 percent of time

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5
Q

Cruciform Ligament

A

Longitudinal band doesn’t do much

Transverse band holds Dens in place with C1. Foramen magnum to posterior Dens

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6
Q

Facet orientation by region

A

Cervical: 45
Thoracic: 60
Lumbar: 90

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7
Q

Medullary cone location

A

L2

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8
Q

Dura mater ends at level

A

S2

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9
Q

Contents of dural spaces

A

Epidural: Blood vessels and fats
Subdural: Hypothetical
Subarachnoid: CSF (extends to S2 beyond conus medullaris)

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10
Q

Dorsal vs ventral rootlets

A

Dorsal is sensory (afferent), ventral is motor (efferent) Car motor is ventral

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11
Q

Posterior Cervical Triangle boarders

A

Clavicle, trapezius, SCM

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12
Q

Scalene groove/ triangle boarders/contents

A

Anterior/Middle scalene and first rib

brachial plexus and subclavian artery

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13
Q

Brachial plexus Roots Trunks Divisions Cords Terminal

A

Roots: C5-T1
Trunks: Superior(5-6) Middle(7) Inferior(8-1)
Divisions: Ant-Post
Cords: Lateral (2ant) Post (3) Medial (1ant)
Terminal: (post) Radial Axillary (ant) musculocutaneous median ulnar

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14
Q

Coracoclavicular Ligament (2)

A

Conoid ligament: more medial ligament, vertical mostly

Trapezoid ligament: Vertical and superolateral portions, resists those forces

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15
Q

Scapular upward rotation looks like…

A

Reaching to a top shelf

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16
Q

Subacromial space superior to inferior

A 
"Roof" = acromion and coracacromial ligament 
subacromial and subdeltoid bursa
Supraspinatus tendon
Superior glenohumeral joint capsule
Long head of biceps tendon
"Floor" = humerus
17
Q

Capitulum of elbow articulates with

A

Radial head

18
Q

Trochlea of elbow articulates with

A

Ulna - olecranon

19
Q

Elbow: End range extension, __ articulates with __

End range Flexion, __ articulates with __

A

EXT: Olecranon of ulna - Olecranon fossa of humerus
FLEX: coranoid process of ulna - coranoid fossa of humerus

20
Q

Joint capsule is made up of

A

Fibrous portion: dense irregular connective tissue

Synovial portion: inner synovial membrane

21
Q

Weird muscle that is not tendonous as it crosses the elbow joint

A

Brachialis

22
Q

Ulnar collateral ligament description

also called medial collateral ligament

A

2-3 portions
Anterior: Coranoid process of ulna - Med. Epi.
Posterior: Medial olecranon - Med epi
Transverse: (wiki says doesn’t exist) Coranoid process ulna - medial olecranon
POST: tension in flexion
ANT: Tension in extension
Tommy John

23
Q

Annular ligament (elbow)

A

Ulnar ligament that encircles radius and attaches it to radial notch of ulna, connects to Lateral (radial) collateral ligament. Dense regular connective tissue on outside, articular cartilage on the inside. Makes the proximo- radioulnar joint SPIN

24
Q

Lateral (radial) collateral ligament

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus - annular ligament

25
Q

Lateral ulnar collateral ligament

A

Different from LCL!!! lateral epicondyle to proximal ulna

26
Q

Triangular fibrocartilaginous complex

A

Ulnar side, helping form the wrist joint.

27
Q

Volar plate

A

Fibrocartilage plate on volar side of MCP joint

28
Q

Collateral ligament

A

Distal (more dorsal) metacarpal to proximal (more volar side) phalange - resists flexion ->OPPOSITE FN OF ACCESSORY COLLATERAL LIGAMENT. THERE IS CONSTANT TENSION AT PIP AND DIPS THOUGH, NO BULGE

29
Q

which flexor digitorum travels further?

A

Profundis goes to distal phalanx
Superficialis goes to sides of middle phalanx
both are “rooted” to hand by annular and cruciform ligaments along the way, as well as

30
Q

Lumbricals and MP contribution to sagittal motion

A

Flex at MP, extend all others

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