Anatomy Flashcards
Uncinate process
Bony protrusions on the Cervical vertebrae (C3-C7 only) that form the uncovertebral joint with the superior vertebrae (not true joint) Common place for bone spurs and degeneration.
Ligamentum Flavum
Runs along pedicles of vertebrae. Helps recover neutral spine after Flexion
Alar Ligament structure and function
Foramen magnum-Dens (bilaterally)
Limits excess rotation of neck
Apical ligament
Foramen Magnum-Dens vertically
Mainly vestigial, absent 20 percent of time
Cruciform Ligament
Longitudinal band doesn’t do much
Transverse band holds Dens in place with C1. Foramen magnum to posterior Dens
Facet orientation by region
Cervical: 45
Thoracic: 60
Lumbar: 90
Medullary cone location
L2
Dura mater ends at level
S2
Contents of dural spaces
Epidural: Blood vessels and fats
Subdural: Hypothetical
Subarachnoid: CSF (extends to S2 beyond conus medullaris)
Dorsal vs ventral rootlets
Dorsal is sensory (afferent), ventral is motor (efferent) Car motor is ventral
Posterior Cervical Triangle boarders
Clavicle, trapezius, SCM
Scalene groove/ triangle boarders/contents
Anterior/Middle scalene and first rib
brachial plexus and subclavian artery
Brachial plexus Roots Trunks Divisions Cords Terminal
Roots: C5-T1
Trunks: Superior(5-6) Middle(7) Inferior(8-1)
Divisions: Ant-Post
Cords: Lateral (2ant) Post (3) Medial (1ant)
Terminal: (post) Radial Axillary (ant) musculocutaneous median ulnar
Coracoclavicular Ligament (2)
Conoid ligament: more medial ligament, vertical mostly
Trapezoid ligament: Vertical and superolateral portions, resists those forces
Scapular upward rotation looks like…
Reaching to a top shelf
Subacromial space superior to inferior
"Roof" = acromion and coracacromial ligament subacromial and subdeltoid bursa Supraspinatus tendon Superior glenohumeral joint capsule Long head of biceps tendon "Floor" = humerus
Capitulum of elbow articulates with
Radial head
Trochlea of elbow articulates with
Ulna - olecranon
Elbow: End range extension, __ articulates with __
End range Flexion, __ articulates with __
EXT: Olecranon of ulna - Olecranon fossa of humerus
FLEX: coranoid process of ulna - coranoid fossa of humerus
Joint capsule is made up of
Fibrous portion: dense irregular connective tissue
Synovial portion: inner synovial membrane
Weird muscle that is not tendonous as it crosses the elbow joint
Brachialis
Ulnar collateral ligament description
also called medial collateral ligament
2-3 portions
Anterior: Coranoid process of ulna - Med. Epi.
Posterior: Medial olecranon - Med epi
Transverse: (wiki says doesn’t exist) Coranoid process ulna - medial olecranon
POST: tension in flexion
ANT: Tension in extension
Tommy John
Annular ligament (elbow)
Ulnar ligament that encircles radius and attaches it to radial notch of ulna, connects to Lateral (radial) collateral ligament. Dense regular connective tissue on outside, articular cartilage on the inside. Makes the proximo- radioulnar joint SPIN
Lateral (radial) collateral ligament
Lateral epicondyle of humerus - annular ligament
