Anatomy Flashcards
What is the first branch of the aorta (and the only branch of the ascending aorta)?
Coronary arteries
Name the 3 branches of the arch of the aorta in order of most proximal to the left ventricle to most distal
Brachiocephalic trunk
Left common carotid artery
Left subclavian artery
What is an auricle, where do you find it and what is its purpose?
Ear like protrusions from the artia which fill with blood
Act as excess capacity
At what level does the aorta pass through the diaphragm?
T12 (I ate 10 eggs at 12)
Name the branches of the left and right coronary artery
Left
- Left circumflex
- Left marginal
- LAD/ anterior interventricular
- Left diagonal branch
Right
- Posterior interventricular
- Right marginal
What can be found in the left and right atrioventricular grooves underneath the auricles?
The origin of left and right coronary arteries
What layer of the heart do you find the coronary arteries in?
Epicardium (surrounded by adipose tissue)
What is the vessel responsible for drainage of cardiac veins into RA and where is it found?
Coronary sinus
Atrioventricular groove posteriorly
What is the only valve with two cusps as opposed to 3?
Mitral/bicuspid
Match the following heart surfaces to the chambers of the heart
- Anterior/subcostal surface
- Posterior/base
- Inferior/diaphgramatic
- Right pulmonary
- Left pulmonary
- Anterior/subcostal = Right ventricle
- Posterior/base = left atrium
- Inferior/diaphgramatic = left and right ventricles
- Right pulmonary = right atrium
- Left pulmonary = left ventricle
What is the “crux” of the heart?
The junction of all 4 chambers
Go to picture of coronal view of heart valves and name them
Do it u lazy bitch
What attaches to valves via chordae tendineae?
Papillary muscles
Where is the SA node found?
Right atrium
Where would you find pectinate muscle?
In the atria (R mainly) and form the ridges of the atria walls
What is name for the embryological remmant which once allowed blood flow between the pulmonary artery and aorta?
Ligamentum arteriosum
Where and what is the fossa ovalis?
Fossa ovalis is where the foramen ovale (patent hole during developement - between atria) used to be
Depressed region of the RA, at the interatrial septum
What artery is occluded when measuring blood pressure?
Brachial artery
What vessel is formed by the union of the L and R brachiocephalic vein?
SVC
What coronary artery supplies the SA and AV node in the majority of people?
R coronary artery
Describe the pathway of the vagus and phrenic nerves
Phrenic nerves go around and infront of hilum
Vagus go behind and more medially
(Phrenic = phast = fast - go around and in front)
What are the layers of the heart from most superficial to deep
Fibrous pericardium Serous pericardium //Pericardial cavity// Visceral pericadrium/epicardium Myocardium Endocardium
How much straw coloured fluid is physiologically found in the pericardium?
50mls
Intra-pericardial pressure is normally positive. True/False?
False - either negative or zero
