anatomy

Question 1

external intercostals

Answer 1

from inferior borders of the rib above to superior border of rib below

Question 2

internal intercostals

Answer 2

same as externals, but deep to them, act to forcefully expire

Question 3

diaphragm attachments (sternal fibres)

Answer 3

sternal fibres: posterior surface of xiphoid process of sternum, runs superomedially
inserts: anterior border of central tendon

Question 4

diaphragm costal fibres attachments and action

Answer 4

inner surface of lower 6 ribs and costal cartilage
into anterolateral aspect central tendon
main muscle of inspiration as action is to flatten to increase thoracic volume to maximise inspiratory volume

Question 5

visceral pleura

Answer 5

covers lines surface of lungs and fissures

Question 6

parietal pleura

Answer 6

lines thoracic wall and diaphragm

Question 7

what does the double layer of pleura create

Answer 7

pleural cavity space

Question 8

what do inflammatory pleura lead to

Answer 8

pleurisy

Question 9

explain pleurisy

Answer 9

roughened pleura rub against each other causing pleural rub eg lobar pneumonia
pleuritic pain on inspiration