Anatomy Flashcards
Three layers of the heart wall
Epicardium- outermost
Myocardium- middle
Endocardium- inner
Surrounding structures of the heart
- Position
Heart and roots of great vessels located posterior to sternum, medial 3-5 ribs/ costal cartilage
Positioned obliquely 2/3 to the left, 1/3 right of medial plane
What level does the pulmonary valve lie?
Left 3rd costal cartilage
What level does the mitral valve lie?
Left 4th costal cartilage
Coronary sinus
- Description
- Surrounding structures
Vein located in the posterior coronary groove
- Drains blood from cardiac veins
Left + middle
- Great cardiac vein
Right
- Small cardiac vein
Aortic sinus
- Description
Dilation of the ascending aorta just above the aortic valve.
The right coronary artery arises from the right aortic sinus
- LCA from left sinus
Right coronary artery
- Location, origin
Arises from right aortic sinus
- Travels down right coronary sulcus towards the crux
Branches
- Posterior descending
- Right marginal
Left coronary artery
- Location, origin
- Branches and Supply
Arises from the left aortic cusp
Branches
- Left anterior descending (LAD)
- Left circumflex
Supply
- Left atrium
- Most of the left ventricle, some of the right
- Anterior 2/3 of interventricular septum
- SAN sometimes (40%)
Innervation of the heart
- Description
- Location
Cardiac plexus
- Autonomic innervation
Location
- Anterior to trachea bifurcation
- Posterior to ascending aorta
- Superior to pulmonary trunk bifurcation
RCA supplies…
- Right atrium
- SAN, AVN
- Some of left ventricle (diaphragmatic)
- Posterior descending= interventricular septum (posterior 1/3), right ventricles
- Right marginal= Right ventricle
LCA branches into…
Left circumflex artery
and
Left anterior descending artery
Left circumflex artery supplies…
Posterior left ventricle
Left atrium
LAD artery supplies…
Anterior septum
Anterior left ventricle.
