Anatomy

Question 1

Spinal area of kidneys

Answer 1

Beween T11-L3 at CVA

Question 2

3 outside layers of kidney

Answer 2

RF - Renal fascia
AC - Adipose Capsule
RC - Renal Capsule

Question 3

Internal kidney structural pathway

Answer 3

C-CMP-CP

Cortex, column, medulla, papillae, calyces, pelvis

Question 4

Afferent arteries go which way?

Answer 4

Approach

Question 5

Efferent arteris go which way?

Answer 5

Exit

Question 6

BF in

Answer 6

Aorta, Renal artery, Seg arteries
Inter-Lobar, Arcuate, Inter-lobular
Aff - glom

Question 7

BF out

Answer 7

Eff
Peritubular caps and/or vasa recta
inter-lobular, arcuate, inter-lobar
Seg veins, Renal vein
IVC

Question 8

Innervation of - aff/eff

Answer 8

Superior mesenteric ganglion

Question 9

Innervation of - BF, filtration, urine formation

Answer 9

Sympathetic fibers

Question 10

Kidney Fx’s (B-HIP-GOV)

Answer 10

BP, 
Excretion
Hormones, 
Ions, 
pH, 
GLU, 
Osmo, 
Volume,

Question 11

Important Ions of kidney reg

Answer 11

Na, Cl
K, PO4
Ca

Question 12

What decreases ADH release in an effort to control blood volume?

Answer 12

L-atria distention

Question 13

What stimulates ADH to increase volume?

Answer 13

Increase plasma oncotic pressure

Exercise

Question 14

RAAS pathway?

Answer 14

Renin
Ang-gen (Liver)
ANG I (Lung/Kidney)
ACE > ANG II (more vol/bp)
Aldosterone (adrenal cortex) - H20/Na retention. (k excreted)

Question 15

Normal Osmo

Answer 15

300mol/L

Question 16

Hormone produced by kidney?

Answer 16

1. Calcitrol (Active Vit-D) - Ca/PO4 reg

2. EPO

Question 17

What glucose producing process is performed at the kidney?

Answer 17

Gluconeogensis

Question 18

By-product of Amino acids and nucleic acid?

Answer 18

AA - ammonia and urea

Nucleic Acid - Uric acid

Question 19

Glom filtration membrane is composed of?

Answer 19

GBS
G- Glom Endoth-fenestrations (No cells)
B- Basal Lamina (No Lrg proteins)
S- Slit membrane (Pedicles) (No med)

Question 20

Fluid in capsular space is called?

Answer 20

Glomerular filtrate

Question 21

What percentage of fluid enters the capsular space?

Answer 21

20 percent

Question 22

How much blood flow is processed through?

Answer 22

1-1.2L/min

Question 23

GFR per day?

Answer 23

140-180L/D

Question 24

3 main pressures of G. Filtration?

Answer 24

GBHP- Glom bld hydrostatic - 55mmHg (Promotes)
CHP- Capsular Hydrostatic - 15mmHg (Opposes)
BCOP- Bld Colloid osmotic - 30mmHg (Opposes)

Question 25

Total normal net filtration pressure of

Answer 25

10mmHg in

Question 26

How much fluid does the tubules reabsorb?

Answer 26

90 percent

Question 27

What area does secretion occur in the tubules?

Answer 27

DCT

Question 28

PCT purpose and quan of reabsorbtion?

Answer 28

80 percent

Active/passive absorption

Question 29

LOH of purpose?

Answer 29

H2O/Salt conservation

Question 30

Net volume of Urine per day produced?

Answer 30

1-1.5L

Question 31

Bladder normal size?

Answer 31

700-800ml

Question 32

3 wall layers of the bladder?

Answer 32

Mucosa - Rugae, transitional EPI’s
Muscularis - Detrusor Mus (3 layers, In, Mid (circ), Out)
Serosa or adventia (posterior/inferior along ureters)