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PLE 2017 > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of the the first and second posterior intercostal arteries

A

Superior intercostal artery which is a branch of the costocervical trunk of the subclavian artery

*the rest: thoracic aorta

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2
Q

First 6 anterior intercostal arteries are branches of _____

A

Internal thoracic artery

*lower : musculophrenic artery

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3
Q

True or False

A bronchopulmonary segment is pyramidal in shape with its apex toward the lung surface

A

False. Apex is pointed towards the lung root

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4
Q

True or false

The right main bronchus gives off the superior lobar bronchus before entering the hilum of the lung

A

True

The left main bronchus gives off the superior lobar bronchus after entering the hilum

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5
Q

Location of the cardiac notch

A

Upper lobe of the left lung

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6
Q

What is the most dependent part of the pleural cavity?

A

Costodiaphragmatic recess

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7
Q

Pericardiocentesis is best performed by passing a needle through ______

A

The subcostal angle

*inserted to the left of the xiphoid process at a 45 degree angle (upward and backward direction)

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8
Q

Blood supply of the atrioventricular bundle

A

Right coronary artery

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9
Q

Intermittent pain (colic) in the small intestine may be referred to ____

A

Umbilical region

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10
Q

Location of referred pain of upper, medial, and inferior ureter

A

Upper : back (behind kidney)
Middle: inguinal region
Lower : penis/clitoris

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11
Q

Short gastric artery arises from

A

Splenic artery

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12
Q

Right gastric artery originates from

A

Hepatic artery

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13
Q

Left gastric artery arises from

A

Celiac artery

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14
Q

Left gastroepiploic artery arises from

A

Splenic artery

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15
Q

The azygos vein passes through what hiatus in the diaphragm?

A

Aortic hiatus

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16
Q

Thoracic duct passes through what hiatus of the diaphragm?

A

Aortic hiatus

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17
Q

Iliohypogastric nerve emerges on what side of the psoas ms?

A

Lateral side

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18
Q

Obturator nerve emerges on what side of the psoas ms?

A

Medial side

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19
Q

Genitofemoral nerve emerges from what side of the psoas ms?

A

Anterior surface

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20
Q

Femoral nerve emerges from what part of psoas muscle?

A

Lateral

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21
Q

Lymphatic spread of carcinoma of the sigmoid colon is likely to metastasize to:

A

Inferior mesenteric node

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22
Q

In both sexes, the inguinal canal is formed by :

A

Processus vaginalis

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23
Q

An important medial relation to the femoral ring of the femoral sheath

A

Lacunar ligament

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24
Q

Vertebral level where aorta bifurcates into right and left common iliac a.

A

L4

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25
Q

Relation of the superior mesenteric artery and duodenum

A

The SMA descends anterior to the third part of the duodenum

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26
Q

At what level does the IVC enter the diaphragm?

A

T8

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27
Q

Main support of the liver

A

The attachment of the hepatic veins to the IVC

*peritoneal ligaments are weak and stretch

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28
Q

Sensory innervation of the peritoneum on the peripheral part of inferior surface of diaphragm

A

Lower six intercostal nerves

*central inferior: phrenic nerves

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29
Q

Renal pappilae open directly into what?

A

Minor calyces

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30
Q

Internal spermatic fascia derivative of what?

A

Transversalis fascia

31
Q

Vertebral level corresponding to pylorus

A

L1

*it lies along the transpyloric plane in front of L1

32
Q

Superior boundary of epiploic foramen

A

Caudate process of the caudate lobe

33
Q

Part/s of the gallbladder surrounded by peritoneum

A

Fundus only

34
Q

True or false

Pain sensation from GB dx may be referred along the phrenic and the supraclavicular nerves to skin over the shoulder

A

True

35
Q

Artery closely related to the first part of the duodenum

A

Gastroduodenal artery
-it is a large br of the hepatic artery. It descends behind the 1st part of the duodenum and then divides into : superior pancreaticoduodenal a. And right gastroepiploic a.

36
Q

Carcinoma of the cervix is likely to spread to what LN?

A

Internal and external iliac nodes

37
Q

Nerve supply of the obturator internus ms

A

Sacral plexus

38
Q

Nerve supply of internal anal sphincter

A

Hypogastric plexuses

39
Q

Innervation of sphincter urethrae

A

Pudendal nerve

40
Q

Narrowest part of the male urethra

A

External meatus of glans penis

41
Q

What supports the posterior wall of the lower third of the vagina?

A

Perineal body

42
Q

Middle lobe of prostate in relation to ejaculatory duct and prostatic urethra

A

Superior to ejaculatory ducts and posterior to upper pt of prostatic urethra

43
Q

What prevents leakage from traveling backward into the ischiorectal fossa during traumatic injury to the perineum in males?

A

Colle’s fascia (membranous layer of superficial fascia) - attached to the posterior border of the urogenital diaphragm

44
Q

Part of the brachial plexus that contains a terminal branch that supplies the skin on the medial side of the arm

A

Medial cord

- gives origin to medial cutaneous nerve of the arm

45
Q

True or false

Ulnar nerve passes in front of the medial epicondyle of the humerus

A

False. It passes behind the medial epicondyle

46
Q

Median nerve location in cubital fossa

A

Medial to the brachial artery

47
Q

What innervates the dorsal interossei ms?

A

Deep branch of the ulnar nerve

48
Q

Damage to what ligament produces dislocation of lateral clavicle onto superior aspect of the acromion?

A

Coracoclavicular ligament

49
Q

Synovial sheath of flexor pollicis longus ms forms what?

A

Radial bursa of the wrist

50
Q

Thumb laterally rotated and adducted. Hand looks flattened and ape like. What nerve was injured?

A

Median nerve

51
Q

True or false

The flexor retinaculum is attached to the triquetral bone

A

False

*its attached to hook of the hamate, ridge of trapezium, pisiform, tubercle of scaphoid

52
Q

What bursa commonly communicates with the shoulder joint?

A

Subscapularis bursa

53
Q

What limits flexion of the hip joint with the knee extended?

A

Hamstring ms

54
Q

What limits abduction of the hip joint?

A

Pubofemoral ligament

55
Q

Extension of hip joint is limited by ______

A

Iliofemoral ligament

56
Q

Innervation of long head of biceps femoris

A

Tibial portion of sciatic nerve

57
Q

Innervation of sartorius muscle

A

Femoral nerve

58
Q

Lymphatic drainage of buttocks

A

Horizontal group of superficial inguinal nodes

*skin below iliac crest level drains into horizontal superficial inguinal

59
Q

LN drainage of lateral side of foot

A

Popliteal nodes

*medial: vertical grp of superficial inguinal nodes

60
Q

In children, the chief arterial supply to the head of the femur:

A

Nutrient artery - branch of the obturator artery; enters bone at fobea capitis

61
Q

Plantar flexors of the ankle joint

A

Plantaris (weak), Soleus and gastrocnemius

Latter two: attached to calcaneum via Tendo calcaneus

62
Q

Excessive eversion damages what structure?

A

Deltoid ligament

63
Q

Nerve affected if foot is permanently dorsiflexed and everted

A

Tibial nerve (posterior compartment functions)

64
Q

Segments of the femoral nerve

A

L2-L4

65
Q

Fascia that forms the femoral sheath?

A

Fascia iliaca and fascia transversalis

66
Q

Nerve supply to short head of biceps femoris ms

A

Common peroneal nerve

67
Q

Patient in supine position with hip and knee joints extended, was asked to abduct lower limb against resistance. What ms is being tested?

A

Gluteus medius

68
Q

What ligament is damaged by excessive inversion of the foot with plantar flexion of ankle or attempted medial rotation of the ankle?

A

Anterior talofibular ligament

69
Q

What muscle tenses the vocal cords?

A

Cricothyroid

70
Q

What nerves are closely related to the superior and inferior thyroid artery?

A

Superior thyroid artery: external laryngeal nerve

Inferior thyroid nerve: recurrent laryngeal nerve

71
Q

Red infected skin abrasion of the lateral ends of both eyelids was seen. What LN would you check for spread of infection?

A

Parotid Nodes

72
Q

To where do the submental LN drain?

A

Deep cervical L.N

73
Q

Lymph from the skin of the back in the region of the spinous process of the tenth thoracic vertebrae drains into the _____

A

Subscapular group of axillary LN

74
Q

How to assess the strength of the flexor ms of the vertebral column?

A

Ask the px to sit up from the supine position while keeping the hip and knees flexed

PLE 2017 (4 decks)

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