Anatomy Flashcards
Origin of the the first and second posterior intercostal arteries
Superior intercostal artery which is a branch of the costocervical trunk of the subclavian artery
*the rest: thoracic aorta
First 6 anterior intercostal arteries are branches of _____
Internal thoracic artery
*lower : musculophrenic artery
True or False
A bronchopulmonary segment is pyramidal in shape with its apex toward the lung surface
False. Apex is pointed towards the lung root
True or false
The right main bronchus gives off the superior lobar bronchus before entering the hilum of the lung
True
The left main bronchus gives off the superior lobar bronchus after entering the hilum
Location of the cardiac notch
Upper lobe of the left lung
What is the most dependent part of the pleural cavity?
Costodiaphragmatic recess
Pericardiocentesis is best performed by passing a needle through ______
The subcostal angle
*inserted to the left of the xiphoid process at a 45 degree angle (upward and backward direction)
Blood supply of the atrioventricular bundle
Right coronary artery
Intermittent pain (colic) in the small intestine may be referred to ____
Umbilical region
Location of referred pain of upper, medial, and inferior ureter
Upper : back (behind kidney)
Middle: inguinal region
Lower : penis/clitoris
Short gastric artery arises from
Splenic artery
Right gastric artery originates from
Hepatic artery
Left gastric artery arises from
Celiac artery
Left gastroepiploic artery arises from
Splenic artery
The azygos vein passes through what hiatus in the diaphragm?
Aortic hiatus
Thoracic duct passes through what hiatus of the diaphragm?
Aortic hiatus
Iliohypogastric nerve emerges on what side of the psoas ms?
Lateral side
Obturator nerve emerges on what side of the psoas ms?
Medial side
Genitofemoral nerve emerges from what side of the psoas ms?
Anterior surface
Femoral nerve emerges from what part of psoas muscle?
Lateral
Lymphatic spread of carcinoma of the sigmoid colon is likely to metastasize to:
Inferior mesenteric node
In both sexes, the inguinal canal is formed by :
Processus vaginalis
An important medial relation to the femoral ring of the femoral sheath
Lacunar ligament
Vertebral level where aorta bifurcates into right and left common iliac a.
L4
Relation of the superior mesenteric artery and duodenum
The SMA descends anterior to the third part of the duodenum
At what level does the IVC enter the diaphragm?
T8
Main support of the liver
The attachment of the hepatic veins to the IVC
*peritoneal ligaments are weak and stretch
Sensory innervation of the peritoneum on the peripheral part of inferior surface of diaphragm
Lower six intercostal nerves
*central inferior: phrenic nerves
Renal pappilae open directly into what?
Minor calyces
Internal spermatic fascia derivative of what?
Transversalis fascia
Vertebral level corresponding to pylorus
L1
*it lies along the transpyloric plane in front of L1
Superior boundary of epiploic foramen
Caudate process of the caudate lobe
Part/s of the gallbladder surrounded by peritoneum
Fundus only
True or false
Pain sensation from GB dx may be referred along the phrenic and the supraclavicular nerves to skin over the shoulder
True
Artery closely related to the first part of the duodenum
Gastroduodenal artery
-it is a large br of the hepatic artery. It descends behind the 1st part of the duodenum and then divides into : superior pancreaticoduodenal a. And right gastroepiploic a.
Carcinoma of the cervix is likely to spread to what LN?
Internal and external iliac nodes
Nerve supply of the obturator internus ms
Sacral plexus
Nerve supply of internal anal sphincter
Hypogastric plexuses
Innervation of sphincter urethrae
Pudendal nerve
Narrowest part of the male urethra
External meatus of glans penis
What supports the posterior wall of the lower third of the vagina?
Perineal body
Middle lobe of prostate in relation to ejaculatory duct and prostatic urethra
Superior to ejaculatory ducts and posterior to upper pt of prostatic urethra
What prevents leakage from traveling backward into the ischiorectal fossa during traumatic injury to the perineum in males?
Colle’s fascia (membranous layer of superficial fascia) - attached to the posterior border of the urogenital diaphragm
Part of the brachial plexus that contains a terminal branch that supplies the skin on the medial side of the arm
Medial cord
- gives origin to medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
True or false
Ulnar nerve passes in front of the medial epicondyle of the humerus
False. It passes behind the medial epicondyle
Median nerve location in cubital fossa
Medial to the brachial artery
What innervates the dorsal interossei ms?
Deep branch of the ulnar nerve
Damage to what ligament produces dislocation of lateral clavicle onto superior aspect of the acromion?
Coracoclavicular ligament
Synovial sheath of flexor pollicis longus ms forms what?
Radial bursa of the wrist
Thumb laterally rotated and adducted. Hand looks flattened and ape like. What nerve was injured?
Median nerve
True or false
The flexor retinaculum is attached to the triquetral bone
False
*its attached to hook of the hamate, ridge of trapezium, pisiform, tubercle of scaphoid
What bursa commonly communicates with the shoulder joint?
Subscapularis bursa
What limits flexion of the hip joint with the knee extended?
Hamstring ms
What limits abduction of the hip joint?
Pubofemoral ligament
Extension of hip joint is limited by ______
Iliofemoral ligament
Innervation of long head of biceps femoris
Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
Innervation of sartorius muscle
Femoral nerve
Lymphatic drainage of buttocks
Horizontal group of superficial inguinal nodes
*skin below iliac crest level drains into horizontal superficial inguinal
LN drainage of lateral side of foot
Popliteal nodes
*medial: vertical grp of superficial inguinal nodes
In children, the chief arterial supply to the head of the femur:
Nutrient artery - branch of the obturator artery; enters bone at fobea capitis
Plantar flexors of the ankle joint
Plantaris (weak), Soleus and gastrocnemius
Latter two: attached to calcaneum via Tendo calcaneus
Excessive eversion damages what structure?
Deltoid ligament
Nerve affected if foot is permanently dorsiflexed and everted
Tibial nerve (posterior compartment functions)
Segments of the femoral nerve
L2-L4
Fascia that forms the femoral sheath?
Fascia iliaca and fascia transversalis
Nerve supply to short head of biceps femoris ms
Common peroneal nerve
Patient in supine position with hip and knee joints extended, was asked to abduct lower limb against resistance. What ms is being tested?
Gluteus medius
What ligament is damaged by excessive inversion of the foot with plantar flexion of ankle or attempted medial rotation of the ankle?
Anterior talofibular ligament
What muscle tenses the vocal cords?
Cricothyroid
What nerves are closely related to the superior and inferior thyroid artery?
Superior thyroid artery: external laryngeal nerve
Inferior thyroid nerve: recurrent laryngeal nerve
Red infected skin abrasion of the lateral ends of both eyelids was seen. What LN would you check for spread of infection?
Parotid Nodes
To where do the submental LN drain?
Deep cervical L.N
Lymph from the skin of the back in the region of the spinous process of the tenth thoracic vertebrae drains into the _____
Subscapular group of axillary LN
How to assess the strength of the flexor ms of the vertebral column?
Ask the px to sit up from the supine position while keeping the hip and knees flexed
