Anatomy Flashcards
Cavernous sinus thrombosis- signs of high grade fever, progressive HA, and double vision. Purulent nasla drainage and frontal HA for several days.
Temp, pulse, and BP realtively normal
May see ptosis, mydriasis, midl ptosis, and loss of corneal reflex
visual acuity normal in both eyes, but unable to move eye on affected side
CST most likely due to cntinguous spread of an infection from the medial third of the face, sinuses, or teeth. The infection can communicate in a retrograde fashion into the cavernous sinus through the valveless facial venous system (vai the superior and inferior opththlmic veins)
Mostly commonly S. aureus
The ulnar nerve is a branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus (C8-T1) that courses posteromedially in the upper arm. It then passes posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus to enter the anterior compartment of the forearm. Within the forearm, it innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial portion of the flexor digitorum profundus.
At the wrist it passes between the hook of the ahamte and the pisiform bone within Guyon’s canal, then divides into a superficial branchthat provides sensation over the medial 1.5 digits and hypothenar eminence anda deep motor branch that supplies most of the intrinsic muscles of the hand
Ulnar nerve most commonly injured due to trauma (medial epicondyle fracture) or nerve compression
Signs of ulnar loss include weakness on wrist flexion/adduction, finger abduction/adduction, and flexion of the 4th/5th digits
The middle geniculate artery provides the blood supply to the ACL, and injuries are marked by rapid-onset hemarthrosis and knee swelling
The radial nerve receives fibers from C5-T1. It innervates all the extensors muscles of the upper limb below the shoulder and provides sensory over the posterior arm, forearm, and dorsal lateral hand
It tracks within the radial groove on the humerus, thus is is vulnerable to traumatic injury at the humeral midshaft. May result in wrist drop
