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FRCEM Primary > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoralis major innervation

A

C5-T1
Medial pectoral nerve
Lateral pectoral nerve.

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2
Q

Pectoralis minor innervation

A

C8-T1
Medial pectoral nerve
Lateral pectoral nerve.

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3
Q

Trapezius innervation

A

Accessory nerve (CNXI)

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4
Q

Latissius Dorsi innervation

A

C6/C7

Thoracodorsal nerve

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5
Q

Serratus anterior innervation

A

C6/7

Long thoracic nerve.

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6
Q

Pec major actions

A

Adduction arm
Medial rotation humerus
Flexion of arm

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7
Q

Pec minor actions

A

Depress tip of shoulder

Stabilise scapula

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8
Q

Trapezius actions

A

Retract scapula, elevate, rotate

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9
Q

Pec minor origin/insertation

A

Ribs 3-5

Inserts: corocoid process of scapula

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10
Q

Trapezius origin/insertation

A

C7-T12/. Thoraco/cervical vertebrae

Inserts: scapula spine, lateral 1/3 clavicle

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11
Q

Sternoclavicular joint

A 
Sternum
Medial clavicle
Fibrocartilage
Pec movements.
Stable from ligaments
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12
Q

Acromioclavicular joint

A

Acromioclavicular ligament
Coricoclavicular ligament

Important in force transmission during a fall.

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13
Q

Subscapularis innervation

A

C5-7

Subscapular nerves

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14
Q

Subscapularis origin/insertation

A

Subscapular fossa

Lesser tubercle humerus

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15
Q

Subscapularis actions

A

Medially rotate arm and adduction

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16
Q

Teres major innervation

A

C6-C7

Lower subscapular nerve

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17
Q

Teres major origin/insertation

A

Lower angle scapula

Intertubercular humeral sulcus

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18
Q

Teres major actions

A

medially rotate arm

adduction

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19
Q

Axillary artery comes from

A

Subclavian artery

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20
Q

3 parts of axillary artery

A

anterior humeral circumflex artery **important to know

superior thoracic artery & thoraco-acromial artery

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21
Q

Where does axillary artery start/finish

A

lateral edge 1st rib

inferior border teres minor (then becomes brachial artery)

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22
Q

Waiter’s tip

A

Superior plexus injury

head separated from shoulder

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23
Q

Claw hand

A

Inferior plexus injury

Arm pulled superiorly

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24
Q

CN Foramen: Olfactory

A

Cribiform plate

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25
Q

CN Foramen: Optic

A

Optic canal

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26
Q

CN Foramen: Trochlear

A

Superior orbital fissure

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27
Q

CN Foramen: Trigeminal

A

V1 Superior orbital fissure
V2 Foramen rotundum
V3 Foramen ovale

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28
Q

CN Foramen: Abducens

A

Superior orbital fissure

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29
Q

CN Foramen: Facial

A

Auditory canal

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30
Q

CN Foramen: Vestibulocochlear

A

Auditory canal

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31
Q

CN Foramen: Glossopharyngeal

A

Jugular foramen

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32
Q

CN Foramen: Vagus

A

Jugular foramen

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33
Q

CN Foramen: Accessory

A

Jugular foramen

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34
Q

CN Foramen: Hypoglossal

A

Hypoglossal foramen

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35
Q

Oesophagus/diaphragm level

A

T10

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36
Q

Oesophagus/gastric cardia level

A

T11

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37
Q

9 regions of abdomen

A 
2 horizontal (hypochondial and transtubercular)
3 vertical (epigastric, two mid clavicular)
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38
Q

Transpyloric plane

A

Pancreas and 2 kidneys and 1st part duodenum.

Level of L1

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39
Q

Anatomical snuff box

A

Radial artery on scaphoid.
Abductor pollicis longus to base of 2st metacarpal.
Etensor pollicis longus to base of distal phalynx.
Brevis to base of proximal.

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40
Q

Deep palmar arch

A

Pollicis artery
Radial artery index finger
More proximal than superficial.

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41
Q

Superficial palmar arch

A

Common palmar digital arteries
Proper palmar digital arteries.
More distal than deep.

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42
Q

External carotid artery branches

A 
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior auricular
Maxillary
Superficial temporal
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43
Q

Ligament atlas and axis

A

Cruciform ligament, alar ligamens.

Transverse ligament keeps odontoid peg in.

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44
Q

Psoas major action

A

flexion femur and laterally rotate.

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45
Q

Iliacus action

A

Flexion and lateral rotation of thigh

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46
Q

Root derivation for brachial plexus

A

C5-T1

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47
Q

Brachial plexus segments

A

Root, Trunk, Division, Cord

48
Q

Landmarks for chest drain insertion

A

5th intercostal space
midaxillary line

Lateral to lat dorsi and pec major, above nipple line.

49
Q

Lateral half Breast lymph drainage.

A

Axillary nodes (75% anterior), central, apical, lateral

50
Q

Medial half breast lymph drainage

A

Parasternal nodes

51
Q

Other breast lymph drainage

A

Posterior intercostal, infraclavicular, supraclavicular nodes.
Opposite breast, anterior abdominal wall.

52
Q

Base of the breast

A

Ribs 2-6
Lateral edge of sternum
midaxillary line.

53
Q

Supraspinatus action

A

Abduction of arm (1st part)

54
Q

Supraspinatus innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve (C4-6)

55
Q

Infraspinatus action

A

Lateral rotation of arm

56
Q

Infraspinatus innervation

A

Suprascapular nerve (C4-6)

57
Q

Teres minor action

A

Lateral rotation of arm

58
Q

Teres minor innervation

A

Axillary nerve (C5+6)

59
Q

Anterior deltoid action

A

Flexion and medial rotation of arm

60
Q

Middle deltoid action

A

Abduction of arm

61
Q

Posterior deltoid action

A

Extension and lateral rotation of arm

62
Q

Deltoid innervation

A

Axillary nerve (C5+6)

63
Q

Shoulder abductors

A

Supraspinatus
Deltoid
Trapezius and Serratus anterior also rotate scapula

64
Q

Shoulder joint type

A

synovial ball in socket

65
Q

Shoulder flexors

A

Pec major and deltoid (anterior)

66
Q

Shoulder extendors

A

Teres major
Lat dorsi
Deltoid (posterior)

67
Q

Shoulder internal rotators

A 
Pec major
Lat dorsi
Teres major
Deltoid
Subscapularis
68
Q

Shoulder external rotators

A

Infraspinatous
Teres minor
Deltoid (posterior)

69
Q

Glenohumeral ligament

A

Anterior shoulder

70
Q

Coraco-humeral ligament

A

Superior shoulder reinforcer

71
Q

Coraco-acromial ligament

A

Superior shoulder protection

72
Q

Coraco-acromial ARCH components

A

supraspinatur tendon and subacromial bursa.
Painful arch in inflammation
Rotator cuff

73
Q

Rotator cuff

A

Anterior: subscapularis
Superior: Supraspinatus
Posterior: Infraspinatus and Teres minor

74
Q

Coracobrachialis action

A

Flexion of forearm

Adduction of arm

75
Q

Coracobrachialis innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-7)

76
Q

Brachialis action

A

Flexion of forearm

77
Q

Brachialis innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5+6)

78
Q

Biceps action

A

Flexion forearm

Supination of forearm

79
Q

Biceps innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5+6)

80
Q

Where to find brachial pulse

A

Medial to biceps tendon

81
Q

How to palpate median nerve

A

medial to brachial pulse.

82
Q

Brachial artery comes from….

A

Axillary artery

83
Q

Main branches of brachial artery

A 
Profunda brachii
Muscular
Nutrient
Ulnar
Terminal (ulnar and radial).
84
Q

Median nerve surface marking, territory of supply

A

Runs from medial and lateral cords of plexus. Crosses brachial artery mid arm.

85
Q

Musculocutanous nerve supplies

A

lateral forearm skin sensation

Flexors of arm- coracobrachialis, brachialis, biceps brachii.

86
Q

What accompanies brachial artery?

A

venae comitantes

87
Q

Upper limb lymph nodes

A

Supratrochlear- above medial epicondyle, drains ulnar forearm and ulnar hand, lymph goes to lateral axillary nodes

Infraclavicular- delto-pectoral groove, drains radial side, to apical axillary nodes.

88
Q

Triceps brachii actions

A

Extension forearm

89
Q

Triceps innervations

A

Radial (C6-8)

90
Q

Radial nerve comes from…

A

posterior medial cord brachial plexus

91
Q

Radial nerve branches…

A 
Inferior cutaneous nerve arm
Posterior cutaneous nerve arm
Posterior Cutaneous nerve forearm
Superficial branch (sensory of 3 digits)
Deep branch (motor of posterior compartment forearm (extensors)
92
Q

Median nerve comes from….

A

medial and lateral roots

93
Q

Medial cutaneous nerve of arm territory

A

Brachial and antebrachial, inner arm, C8-T2

94
Q

Intercostobrachial nerve territory

A

inner medial upper arm

95
Q

Lymph drainage of arm

A

Supratrochlear (medial above inner elbow)

Infraclavicular

96
Q

Tricep action

A

Extension arm

97
Q

Tricep innervation

A

Radial nerve (C6-8)

98
Q

Supratrochlear lymph nodes drain

A

ulnar side of hand/forearm to lateral axillary nodes

99
Q

Infraclavicular LN drain

A

radial side of upper lymp to apical axillary nodes

100
Q

Elbow joint typ

A

Synovial hinge

101
Q

Elbow joint bony articulations

A

Humeral capitulum with raial head

Trochlear of humerus with trochlear notch of ulna.

102
Q

Elbow ligaments

A 
Lateral collateral (radial side)
Medial collateral (3 bands)
Annular allows radial rotation ***
103
Q

Pronation muscles

A

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

104
Q

Supination muscles

A

biceps
supinator
Extensor pollicis longus and brevis

105
Q

Increased carrying angle puts you at risk of…

A

ulnar nerve palsy.

106
Q

Anterior forearm overview

A

All supplied by median nerve except 2
Flexors
2 exceptions are: flexor carpi ulnaris and the ulnar flexor digitorum profundus.

107
Q

All anterior forearm muscles attach to….

A

medial humeral epicondyle

108
Q

Forearm muscles superficial

A 
Pass Fail Pass Fail
Pronator teres
Flexor carpis radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexos carpi ulnaris
109
Q

Forearm middle muscle

A

Felxor digitorum superficialis

110
Q

Forearm muscles deep

A

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor policus longus
Pronator quadratus

111
Q

How many forearm anterior muscles?

A 
8
4 superficial
1
 middle
3 deep
112
Q

Common interosseous arteries come from…

A

Ulnar artery.

113
Q

Palmar carpal arch (anterior arch)

A

Supplies carpals and wrist articulations.

(anastomosis) of two arteries: the palmar carpal branch of radial artery and the palmar carpal branch of ulnar artery

114
Q

Dorsal carpal arch (posterior arch)

A

combination (anastomosis) of dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery and the dorsal carpal branch of the ulnar artery near the back of the wrist.

Gives off 3 dorsal metacarpal arteries

115
Q

Median nerve branches in forearm

A

anterior interosseous branch (AIN)
innervates the deep volar compartment of forearm except the ulnar half of the FDP
palmar cutaneous branch
supplies sensory innervation to lateral palm
recurrent branch (to thenar compartment)
digital cutaneous branches
supply the radial 3 1/2 digits (palmar)
can also supply the index, long, and ring fingers dorsally

FRCEM Primary (3 decks)

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