anatomy

Question 1

Where is the Thalamus

Answer 1

Thalamus (L. “innermost chamber”) is the largest part of the diencephalon. Paired egg-shaped masses located centrally within the cerebral hemispheres

Question 2

From where does teh thalamus recieve input?

Answer 2

from all parts of the CNS and periphery including all precortical sensory modalities except olfaction

Question 3

Where does the thalamus sends its output?

Answer 3

Output to most of ipsilateral cortex

Cortical connections are reciprocal (2-way: thalamocortical and corticothalamic)

Question 4

What does the talamocortical and the corticothalamic fibers form?

Answer 4

form a continuous fan (thalamic radiations)

the thalamus uses both limbs of th einternal capsule (mostly posterior limb)

Question 5

What does the thalamus form of the 3rd ventricle?

Where is the posterior limb of the internal capsule in relation to the thalamus?

Answer 5

Thalami form the upper walls of the 3rd ventricle

posterior limb of internal capsule (PLIC) is lateral to thalamus

Question 6

What are the six grops of the thalamus?

Answer 6

Midline

medial

anteror

reticular

lateral

intralaminar

Question 7

What is the medialmost layer?

What is the lateral most layer?

Answer 7

Medialmost- midline nuclei

lateral most-reticular nuclei

Question 8

What bifuricates the thalamus into mrdial and lateral groups?

and what is the bifurication anterioly?

Answer 8

A sheet of myelinated fibers obliquely bisects the thalamus into ~ medial and lateral groups (= internal medullary lamina )

Anteriorly, the lamina bifurcates around the anterior nucleus

Question 9

What is the large medial nuclear mass?

Answer 9

mediodorsal (dorsomedial) nucleus (MD = DM)

Question 10

What is the lateral group arranged into?

Answer 10

The lateral group has the largest number of named nuclei

Lateral nuclei are arranged into dorsal and ventral rows (tiers)

Question 11

What are the nuclei of the dorsal tier nuclei of the lateral group?

Answer 11

lateral dorsal nucleus

lateral posterior nucleus

pulvinar nucleus

Question 12

What is the most posterior part of the thalamus?

Answer 12

Pulvinar

moose butt

Question 13

What are the ventral tier nuclei?

Answer 13

ventral anterior

ventral lateral (also called ventral intermediate [between ant. & post.)

ventral posterior medial (VPM)

ventral posterior lateral (VPL)

lateral geniculate

medial geniculate

Question 14

Where are the medial and lateral geniculates found?

Answer 14

Geniculates are prominent thalamic nuclei on its postero-inferolateral surface

Question 16

What are the intralaminar group?

What is the largest of this group?

Answer 16

Nuclei embedded within the internal lamina

Centromediam nucleus is th elargest of the intralaminar group?