Anatomy Flashcards
What are they held together by?
Strong fibrous bands called ligaments
What five things does the skeleton do?
Provides framework Muscles are attached to manipulate so we can move Some bones protect Storing minerals Produces blood cells
What’s in the axial skeleton?
Skull, spine and ribs
What does the skull do?
It’s a series of flat bones fused together to make a protective case for the brain. It’s an important factor in moving and keeping balance
What does the spine do?
The spine is made up of vertebrae. They sit on top of one another and there is cartilage in between them. The spine has several natural curves to create posture. Posture is important for balance, muscle development and prevention of injury.
What do the ribs do?
We have 12 pairs which attach to the spine and sternum.
What’s the appendicular skeleton?
Shoulders, arms, wrist, hand, pelvis, legs, ankle and foot
What does the shoulder do?
It involves the clavicle and shoulder blade.
What does the arm do?
The arm has three bones. One in the upper arm (humerous) and two in the lower arm (radius and ulna)
What’s in the wrist and hand?
Carpals, metacarpals and phalanges
What’s in the pelvis?
The pelvis is attached to the vertebral column.
What’s in the legs?
One bone in the upper leg (femur), two in the lower leg (tibia and fibia) and the knee cap (patella)
What’s in the ankle and foot?
Tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges
How do muscles make movement?
The skeletal muscles make us move but the brain sends the message. Muscles are attached to bones by tendons.
What are joints?
Bones are linked together to form joints where movement occurs. The bones are joined by fibrous tissue called ligaments, crossing over the joints
What are the different types of joints?
Some joints are fixed and are called fibrous joints, some joints are slightly movable and are called cartilaginous but the most common are the freely moving or synovial joints.
What are the different types of synovial joints?
Ball and socket - hip and shoulder Hinge - elbow and knee Gliding - vertebrae Saddle - thumb Pivot - neck Ovoid - wrist
What are the ball and socket joints?
Shoulder, femur, hip and pelvic girdle
What are some hinge joints?
Humerous and
How many bones are in the human skeleton?
206
What are the bones in the head and neck?
Skull, clavicle and cervical vertebrae
What are the bones in the chest and back?
Sternum, rib cage, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae
What are the bones in the shoulder?
Clavicle and scapula
What are the bones in the pelvis?
Pelvic girdle, coccyx, sacrum
What are the bones in the hand?
Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
What are the muscles in the neck?
Sternomastoid and trapezius
What are the shoulder and chest muscles?
Pectoral group and deltoids
What are the muscles in the arms?
Biceps and triceps
What are the stomach and back muscles?
Abdominal group, intercostals and abdominals
What are the hand muscles?
Hand and finger flexors and hand and finger extensors
What are the butt muscles?
Gluteal group
What are the back leg muscles?
Gastrocnemius, hamstring group and Achilles’ tendon
What are the front leg muscles?
Quadriceps group and tibialis anterior
