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Nursing > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

Frontal section

A

Cut along Corona plane

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2
Q

Cross-section

A

A cut through the transverse plane

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3
Q

Anatomic position

A

Body is directed be a saintly for the head is held high and the palms of the hands are facing forward

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4
Q

Superior

A

Above

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5
Q

Inferior

A

Below

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6
Q

Anterior

A

Facing forward

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7
Q

Posterior

A

Toward the back

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8
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline

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9
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline or toward the sides

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10
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the point of the attachment

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11
Q

Distal

A

For their way from where attachment

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12
Q

Dorsal cavity includes

A

Cranial and spinal cavities

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13
Q

Ventral cavity includes

A

Orbits and the nasal oral thoracic and abdominal pelvic cavities

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14
Q

Histology

A

Study of tissues

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15
Q

Four fundamental tissues are

A

Epithelial connective muscle and nervous issues

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16
Q

Epithelial cells function

A

Cover line and protect the body and its internal organs

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17
Q

Connective tissue is

A

Framework of body providing support and structure for the Organs

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18
Q

Nerve tissue is composed of

A

Neurons in contest connective tissue cells that are referred to as neuroglia

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19
Q

Muscle tissues have

A

Ability to contract or shorten

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20
Q

Voluntary muscle

A

Under conscious control. Skeletal muscles must work in pairs: the muscle that executes a given move it is the prime mover, whereas the muscle that produces the opposite movement is the antagonist. Other muscles known as synergist may work in cooperation with the prime mover

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21
Q

Involuntary muscle

A

Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle tissue

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22
Q

Cell

A

The basic unit of life and blocks of tissue and organs

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23
Q

Nucleus contains

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA and ribosomes are especially important in synthesis of proteins.

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24
Q

Mitosis

A

Necessary for growth and repair, DNA is replicated and distributed evenly to two daughter cells

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25
Q

Meiosis takes place

A

Sell the business takes place in gonands and ovaries and testes.

26
Q

Meiosis process

A

Chromosome number is reduced from 46 to 23 so when the egg and the spermine night and fertilization the cycle will have the correct number of chromosomes.

27
Q

What is the largest organ of the body

A

The skin

28
Q

Two layers of the skin

A

Epidermis the outer most protective layer of dead here tonight epithelial cells in the dermis underlying layer of the connective tissue

29
Q

Rears about the epidermis from outer layer to inner layer

A

Stratum corneum, Stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, and inner most Stratum germinativum

30
Q

Where does mitosis occurs

A

Epidermis

31
Q

What do epidermal cells contain

A

Protein pigment called melanin which protects against radiation from the sun

32
Q

inner layer of the skin

A

Dermis composed of fibrous connective tissue with blood vessels sensory nerve endings hair follicles and grands

33
Q

Two types of sweat glands

A

Eccrine regulate body temperature by releasing a watery secretion that evaporates on the surface of the skin. Applicants creation mainly in the armpits in groin area.

34
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

Release and oily secretion receiver do the hair follicles that lubricates the skin and prevents drying.

35
Q

Oil

A

Produced by Halycon secretion and which host cells of the gland are part of secretion

36
Q

What are the appendages of the skin

A

Hair and nails both are composed of Keratin

37
Q

Body framework consists of

A

Bone cartilage ligaments and joints

38
Q

Functions of the skeletal system include

A

Support movement blood cell formation protection of internal organs the detoxification provision for muscle attachment and mineral storage

39
Q

How are individual bones classified?

A

Shape

Including long short flat irregular and seamoid bones

40
Q

Long bone has

A

Irregular epiphysis at each end, composed mainly of spongy bone, and a shaft or diaphysis, composed mainly of compact bone.

41
Q

What cells form compact bone?

A

Osteoblasts eventually become osteocytes once they stop dividing

42
Q

Axial skeleton face and skull

A

28 bones of the skull
14 facial bones and 14 bones of the cranium.
Facial bones have 2 nasal bones 2 maxillary bones 2 zygomatic bone one mandible two palatine bones one vomer bone two lacrimal bones and two inferior nasal cavities.
Bones of the cranium are the single occipital frontal ethmoid and sphenoid and the paired Parietal Temporel And ossicles of ear (malleus incus and stapes)

43
Q

Axial skeleton a vertebral column

A

33 bones vertebral column

Seven cervical vertebrae, 12 thoracic vertebrae, five lumbar vertebrae, five sacral vertebrae, and coccygeal vertebrae.

44
Q

Axial skeleton bones of thorax

A

Sternum and 12 pairs of ribs

45
Q

Appendicular skeleton includes

A

The girdles and the limbs

46
Q

Upper portion of the appendicular skeleton

A

Pectoral or shoulder girdle, clavicle and scapula, and upper extremity.

47
Q

Appendicular skeleton bones of the arm

A

Humerous, radius, Anna, carpals or responds, metacarpals or bones of the hands, and phalanges or bones of the fingers.

48
Q

Appendicular skeleton lower portion

A

Pelvic girdle or on coxae

49
Q

Appendicular skeleton os coxae

A

Fused illum, ischium, pubis.

50
Q

Appendicular skeleton bones of lower extremity

A

Femur, tibia and fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

51
Q

Muscle contraction results from

A

Siding together from actin and myosin filaments with the new muscle cell or fiber

52
Q

Sacromeres

A

Each muscle consist of myofibrils which in turn are made up of still small units

53
Q

What must be present for muscles cells to contract

A

Calcium and adenosine triphosphate ATP

54
Q

Flexors and extensors

A

Flexes reduce the angle at the joint where as extensors increase the angle

55
Q

Abductors and adductors

A

Abductor draw a lim away from the midline. Where as abductors return the limb back toward the body

56
Q

Nervous system consists of

A

Brain, spinal cord, and nerves

57
Q

Nervous system enables us to

A

Think reason remember carry out other abstract activities

58
Q

Nervous system works closely with what glands

A

Endocrine gland correlating and integrating that he functions such as digestion and reproduction

59
Q

Main parts of a neuron

A

Cell body axon dendrites

60
Q

Sagittal section

A

Cut along the median plane

Nursing (5 decks)

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