anatomy

Question 1

what are the anatomical sections of the neuro system?

Answer 1

spinal cord
brainstem
cerebrum

Question 2

what 3 structures make the brainstem?

Answer 2

midbrain
pons
medulla

Question 3

what does the brainstem do?

Answer 3

regulates heart and respiration rate
non conscious actions (autonominous)

Question 4

what does the cerebrum do?

Answer 4

memory
motor control

Question 5

what are the parts of the spinal cord?

Answer 5

cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacrum
coccygeal

Question 6

how many vertebrae in the cervical spine?

Answer 6

7

Question 7

how many vertebrae in the thoracic spine?

Answer 7

13

Question 8

how many vertebrae in the lumbar spine?

Answer 8

7

Question 9

how many vertebrae in the coccygeal spine?

Answer 9

6

Question 10

what is the nucleus pulposus?

Answer 10

the inner layer - collagen and water
provides mechanical support

Question 11

what is the annulus fibrosus?

Answer 11

fibrous collagen disc under the spinal cord (surrounds nucleus pulposus)
provides mechanical support to vertebrae

Question 12

what roots do spinal nerves have?

Answer 12

dorsal and ventral

Question 13

where do nerves exit the vertebral column?

Answer 13

through the intervertebral foramen

Question 14

what are the meningeal layers? (inner to outer layer)

Answer 14

pia mater
arachnoid mater
dura mater

Question 15

what do the meningeal layers do?

Answer 15

wrap around the brain and spinal cord, isolating it from the rest of the systemic circulation

Question 16

what are the cerebral lobes?

Answer 16

frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal

Question 17

what is the primary function of the meningeal layers?

Answer 17

to protect the CNS
(mechanically - cushioning - and through an immune privileged state)

Question 18

what is between the pia mater and arachnoid mater?

Answer 18

sub-arachnoid space

Question 19

what happens in the sub-arachnoid space?

Answer 19

CSF perfusion of fluid

Question 20

what are characteristics of the arachnoid mater?

Answer 20

spider-web structure, fibrous
thin & transparent
receives little arterial, venous and nerve fibre innovation

Question 21

what are the 2 parts of the dura mater?

Answer 21

periosteal
meningeal

Question 22

what are characteristics of the dura mater?

Answer 22

thick fibrous layer
surrounds the cerebrum
outermost layer
receives dense arterial, venous and nerve fibre innovation
{trigeminal}

Question 23

what are the ridges of the brain called?

Answer 23

gyrus

Question 24

what are the grooves in the brain called?

Answer 24

sulci - inbetween gyrus’

Question 25

why does the brain have gyrus and sulci?

Answer 25

to increase surface area

Question 26

what is the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 26

fight or flight

Question 27

what is the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 27

rest or digest

Question 28

what is the peripheral nervous system made of?

Answer 28

motor neurons & sensory neurons

Question 29

what is the route of motor neurons?

Answer 29

from the CNS to muscles and glands

Question 30

what is the route of sensory neurons?

Answer 30

from sensory organs to the CNS

Question 31

what does the somatic nervous system do?

Answer 31

controls voluntary movements

Question 32

what does the autonomic nervous system do?

Answer 32

controls involuntary responses

Question 33

what mediates autonomic involuntary control?

Answer 33

a ganglion - not a direct route

Question 34

what are the cranial nerves, in order?

Answer 34

Olfactory Optic Oculamotor Trochlear Trigeminal Abducens Facial Vestibulocochlear Glossopharangeal Vagus Accessory Hypoglossal

Question 35

what is cranial nerve V (5)?

Answer 35

Trigeminal

Question 36

what are the branches of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 36

V1- opthalmic V2- maxillary V3- mandibular

Question 37

what is cranial nerve 7 and is it motor, sensory, or both?

Answer 37

Facial both

Question 38

what is the synonym for cranial nerve responses (sensory, motor, both)?

Answer 38

some say marry money but my brother says big brains matter most

Question 39

what are the parts of the vestibulocochlear nerve?

Answer 39

vestibular cochlear

Question 40

What does nerve V(1) branch do?

Answer 40

ophthalmic - gives sensation to: eyes eyelids skin on nose forehead

Question 41

what does nerve V(2) branch do?

Answer 41

maxillary - gives sensation to: middle third of face side of the nose upper teeth lower eyelid

Question 42

what does nerve V(3) branch do?

Answer 42

mandibular - gives sensation to: lower third of face tongue mucosa in the mouth lower teeth

Question 43

what nerve is association with olfaction?

Answer 43

1 - olfactory

Question 44

what nerve is association with vision?

Answer 44

2 - optic

Question 45

what nerves are association with the menace response test?

Answer 45

2 optic (afferent) & 7 facial (efferent)

Question 46

what cranial nerve is associated with pupil size?

Answer 46

3 Oculomotor

Question 47

what cranial nerve is associated with nystagmus?

Answer 47

3 Oculomotor