Anatomy Flashcards
Paired endocrine glands within abdominal cavity
Adrenal gland
Adrenal Gland consists of:
- Adrenal cortex
- Adrenal medulla
Adrenal cortex synthesizes
steroid hormones (corticosteroids)
mesodermal origin, synthesizes steroid hormones
Adrenal cortex
from neuroectodermal cells of the primitive ganglia of celiac plexus
Adrenal medulla
Adrenal medulla by the help of what cell synthesizes and release what hormone
Chromaffin cells
Catecholamines (Epi & Norepi)
“Glands next to the kidneys”, retroperitoneal in close apposition to the anterior pole of the kidneys
Adrenal Glands
Receives blood from several arterial sources, where it branches into a network of arterioles, giving rise to
Sinusoidal capillaries
All arterioles cross the_______ to supply blood to the
_______, and all are returned via the ______
cortex
medulla
adrenal veins
Constitutes 80-90% of the entire mass of the adrenal glands
Adrenal Cortex
are the primary source of
steroid hormones
Corticocytes
Adrenal Cortex
- Has three histologically distinct zones:
- Zona glomerulosa
- Zona fasciculata
- Zona reticularis
thinnest, with small, dark corticocytes arranged in whorls
Zona glomerulosa (outermost)
thickest, with cuboidal/polyhedral cells which form cords separated from each other by sinusoidal capillaries
Zona fasciculata (middle zone)
Maintenance and Growth of the Adrenal Cortex:
ACTH hypersecretion
increase in ZF and ZR thickness
with small corticocytes arranged in a network of anastomosing cords
Zona reticularis (innermost layer)
Maintenance and Growth of the Adrenal Cortex:
Under the positive control of________and ________released by the
ACTH and POMC released by the adenohypophysis
Maintenance and Growth of the Adrenal Cortex:
Hypophysectomy
decreases ZF and ZR thickness
