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Endo: Male Reproductive > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

the primary organs of reproduction

A

testes

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2
Q

the male gonads fulfill two essential functions

A
  1. gametogenesis
  2. steroidogenesis
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3
Q

sperm cell formation

A

gametogenesis

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4
Q

testosterone production

A

steroidogenesis

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5
Q

Each testicle is surrounded by ________, a connective tissue capsule

A

tunica albuginea

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6
Q

are convoluted and occupy the greatest portion of each testicle

A

seminiferous tubules

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7
Q

Seminiferous tubules are supported by
connective tissue extensions known as

A

septae or trabeculae

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8
Q

a.k.a sustentacular cells

A

Sertoli cells

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8
Q

located in the seminiferous tubules

A

sertoli cells

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9
Q

provides a nursing function for developing spermatozoa

A

sertoli cells

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10
Q

form a diffusion barrier between the ________ and the ________, providing a microenvironment for _______ and ______

A

Sertoli cells:
germinal cells
blood
meiosis
normal gametogenesis

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10
Q

sertoli cells divides the seminiferous tubules into two compartments

A
  1. basal compartment
  2. adluminal compratment
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11
Q

communicates with the interstitial fluid and provides space for germinal epithelial cells

A

basal compartment

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12
Q

the space between sertoli cells that communicates centrally with the lumen of the tubule

A

adluminal compartment

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13
Q

a.k.a interstitial cells

A

Leydig cells

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13
Q

found in connective tissue surrounding seminiferous tubules

A

Leydig cells

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14
Q

Ductus deferens:
continuation of the duct system from the tail of the epididymis to the ______

A

pelvic urethra

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14
Q

Collection and storage tubule of the testis

A

Epididymis

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15
Q

produces testosterone

A

Leydig cells

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15
Q

Begins at the pole of the testis continues to one side, terminating into the caudal part of the testis just before it makes an upward turn

A

Epididymis:
head
body
tail

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16
Q

a.k.a vas deferens

A

Ductus deferens

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17
Q

Storage in the epididymis allows

A

allows the spermatozoa to reach maturity and become motile

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18
Q

As the ductus deferens leaves the testis, toward the abdomen, it is enclosed along
with the

A

testicular artery, vein, nerve, and
lymphatic vessels within the visceral layer
of the vaginal tunic (spermatic cord)

19
Q

within the parietal layer of the vaginal tunic (…?)

A

ductus deferens (…?)

19
Q

within the visceral layer of the vaginal tunic

A

spermatic cord

20
Q

Ductus deferens terminates with an enlarged, glandular area

A

ampulla

21
Q

contracts in cold weather and holds the testes closer to the abdominal wall

A

tunica dartos

21
Q

contains a subcutaneous layer of smooth muscle fibers

A

tunica dartos

21
Q

cutaneous sac containing the testes

A

scrotum

22
Q

lined with the parietal layer of the vaginal tunic, a continuation of parietal peritoneum into the ______

A

scrotum

23
Q

provide secretions that empty into the __________ near their origin

A

Accessory glands;
Pelvic urethra

23
Q

accessory glands

A

ampulla of the ductus deferentes,
Vesicular glands (seminal vesicles),
Prostate gland,
Bulbourethral glands (a.k.a Cowper glands)

24
Q

secretion of seminal vesicle

A

secretes fructose,
inositol,
ergothioneine,
ascorbic acid

25
Q

at ejaculation the ________ are mixed with sperm and fluid from the epididymides to form _____

A

Accessory sex gland secretions (seminal plasma);
Semen

26
Q

secretion of prostate gland

A

zinc,
secretes fructose,
citric acid,
cholesterol,
proteins

27
Q

secretion of Cowper gland/ Bulbourethral gland

A

produces vaginal plus (rodents),
fluid that prepares urethra for ejaculation

28
Q

secretion of ampullary and coagulating gland

A

produces vaginal plug (rodents)

29
Q

male organ of copulation

A

Penis

30
Q

Starts at the caudal border of the ischial arch, extending as the body, to the free extremity

A

Penis:
root/crura,
body,
glans

31
Q

Comparative anatomy of the male reproductive organ:
Dog

A

encirclement of the pelvic urethra by the prostate

32
Q

Comparative anatomy of the male reproductive organ:
Ram

A

urethral process

33
Q

Comparative anatomy of the male reproductive organ:
Stallion

A

double-folded prepuce

33
Q

Comparative anatomy of the male reproductive organ:
Boar

A

preputial diverticulum

34
Q

penis is mostly composed of by cavernous tissue________ surrounded by a dense fibroelastic covering ______

A

corpus cavernosus;
tunica albuginea

35
Q

the dog has a ______ at the caudal part of the glans

A

bulbus glandis

36
Q

Enlargement of the bulbus glandis in dogs is responsible for

A

prolonged retention of the penis during coitus

37
Q

animals having sigmoid flexure of their penis

A

boar,
bull,
ram

38
Q

resulting in an S
shape when not erect, but in erection causes extension of the flexure

A

sigmoid flexure

39
Q

muscles of the male genitalia

A

Cremaster muscle,
Urethralis,
Bulbospongiosus muscle,
Ischiocavernosus muscle,
Retractor penis muscle

40
Q

assist in emptying the urethra

A

bulbospongiosus muscle

41
Q

assists in erection process

A

ischiocavernosus muscle

42
Q

assists in the return of the penis to the prepuce after intromission

A

retractor penis

43
Q

pulls the testis up against the superficial vaginal ring, particularly in cold weather

A

Cremaster muscle

44
Q

pelvic continuation from the smooth muscle wall of the urinary bladder, its peristaltic action assists in the transport of urine or semen through the pelvic urethra

A

Urethralis

44
Q

striated muscle continuation of the urethralis, continues the action of the urethralis in emptying the urethra

A

Bulbospongiosus muscle

45
Q

paired, striated muscles that converge on the body of the penis from their origins on the lateral sides of the ischial arch, where contraction pulls the penis upward against the floor of the pelvis

A

Ischiocavernosus muscle

46
Q

paired striated muscles originating from the suspensory ligaments of the anus, pull the flaccid penis back into the prepuce

A

Retractor penis muscle

Endo: Male Reproductive (6 decks)

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