Anatomy Flashcards
What are the boundaries of the popliteal fossa
Boundaries of the popliteal fossa
Region Structure
Laterally Biceps femoris above, lateral head of gastrocnemius and plantaris below
Medially Semimembranosus and semitendinosus above, medial head of gastrocnemius below
Floor Popliteal surface of the femur, posterior ligament of knee joint and popliteus muscle
Roof Superficial and deep fascia
Contents
Popliteal artery and vein
Small saphenous vein
Common peroneal nerve
Tibial nerve
Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Genicular branch of the obturator nerve
Lymph nodes
What structure is the urete derived from
Mesonephric ducts
Which vessel provides the greatest contribution of arterial supply to the breast
Internal mammary artery (60%)
External memory and lateral thoracic make up significant but lesser contributions
What are the contents of the adductor canal
Saphenous Nerve
Superficial branch of the femoral artery and vein
Boards of the adductor canal
Borders
Laterally Vastus medialis muscle
Posteriorly Adductor longis and Magnus
Roof Sartorius
Structure at hilum of kidney
Anterior to posterior
Vein, artery, ureter
What structure can be palpated for Sally and to the right of the CBD in thr hepatoduodenal ligament
Replaced Righth hepatic artery - arises for SMA. Travels dorsal to Panc head and portal vein
Replaced left hepatic may arise for left gastric and lie within gastrohrpatic ligament
Boarders of hasslebacks triangle
Superiorlateral - Epigastric Vessels
Medially -Lateral edge of rectus
Inferiorly -Inguinal ligament
Which scan can be used to identify Oxyphil Cells
Sestamibi scan
Boarders of the femoral canal
Roof – fascia lata.
Floor – pectineus, iliopsoas, and adductor longus muscles.
Superior border – inguinal ligament (a ligament that runs from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle).
Lateral border – medial border of the sartorius muscle.
Medial border – medial border of the adductor longus muscle. The rest of this muscle forms part of the floor of the triangle.
Contents of the femoral triangle
Which liver segments has a dual blood supply from right and left hepatic arteries
caudate lobe has dual arterial and venous supply
Muscles of the anorectal ring
Puborectalis
Superior aspects of the internal and external sphincters
Pubococcygeus
How many hepatic veins enter the IVC directly
2
Middle and left hepatic veins fuse prior to entering IVC
Caudate love has own drainage and is not drained by the main hepatic veins
Course of the median nerve in relation to brachial artery in the upper arm
Lateral to anterior to medial
Passes deep to bicipital aponeurosis and the median cubical vein at elbow
Enters forearm between two heads of pronator teres
Cantlies Line
Functionally the liver is divided into a right and left hemi-liver by the principal plane (Cantlie line). This is a plane passing through the gallbladder bed towards the vena cava and passes through the right axis of the caudate lobe. The middle hepatic vein lies in this plane
Origin of inferior epigastric
arise from external iliac artery immediately above the inguinal ligament.
Then passes along the medial margin of the deep inguinal ring
Continues superiorly to lie behind the rectus abdominis muscle
Thoracic duct relations to oesophagus
The thoracic duct lies posterior to the oesophagus and passes to the left at the level of the Angle of Louis. It enters the thorax at T12 together with the aorta.
Course of the tibial nerve in the popliteal fossa
The tibial nerve lies superior to the vessels in the inferior aspect of the popliteal fossa. In the upper part of the fossa the tibial nerve lies lateral to the vessels, it then passes superficial to them to lie medially. The popliteal artery is the deepest structure in the popliteal fossa
How many bronchopulmonary segments are their in the right lung
There are 10 bronchopulmonary segments in the right lung. Each is supplied by a segmental bronchus, artery and vein. There is no communication between segments.
Nerve first affected by raised ICP
The abducens nerve (CN VI) has the longest intra cranial course and is thus the most susceptible to raised intra cranial pressure. It also passes over the petrous temporal bone and 6th nerve palsies are also seen in mastoiditis.
Opening of stensons duct
Stensens duct conveys secretions from the parotid gland and these enter the oral cavity at the level of the second molar tooth.