Anatomy Flashcards
Structures related to lateral fornix of vagina
From below upwards
1)Cavernous tissue of vestibule
2)Superficial muscles of the perineum
3)Triangular ligament ,levator ani(2.5 cm above introitus),,lateral to it is the ischiorectal fossa
4)Endopelvic cellular tissue ,it’s condensation Mackenrodts ligament
5)Ureter ,12.5cm lateral to fornix
6)Vaginal branch of uterine artery
Ph of vagina
3.5-4.5
Another name of lactobacillus
Doderleins bacillus
The main source of physiological secretion of vagina
Cervix
Source of different components of Vaginal secretions
1)Endocervical secretions-mostly alkaline
2)Transudate of Vaginal episthelium and desquamate cells-acidic
3)Sweat and sebaceous glands of vulva and specialized reacemoc glands of Bartholin,odor due to secretions from apocrine glands of vagina
Endometrial glandular secretion
Uterus to cervix ration in different age groups
Birth-1:1
Before puberty-1:2
After puberty-2:1
Reproductive life-3:1
Menopause-1:1
Lining of cervix
Endocervix-high columnar
Ecto-non keratinized stratified squamous epi
Nabathian follicles occur in
Erosion of cervix seen in chronic cervicitis
Where does bartholin duct lies and opens into
Lies in the junction of middle and lower third of labium majus
And opens into a groove between labia minora and hymen
Treatment of bartholin cyst and abscess
Non tender swelling at the introitus- bartholins cyst
Asymptomatic - no treatment
Symptomatic-<3cm-sitz bath and warm compresses
>3cm Incision and drainage and word catheter placement
More than 40 years-excision of cyst
If tender-Bartholin abscess
<3cm- Incision and drainage and culture
>3cm-I and D with culture,word catheter placement,antibiotics
Narrowest part of FT
Interstitial portion
Peg cells seen in
Fallopian tube
Where does round ligament start and end
Starts at the upper end of uterus -goes into deep IR -Ing canal-SIR -ends in labia majora
Attachments of ovary
Ovary is attached to posterior layer of broad ligament by mesovarium
Attached to lateral wall by infundibulopelvic ligament
To uterus by ovarian ligament
Blood supply and drainage of ovaries
Supply by ovarian artery-branch of abdominal aorta
Venous drainage through pampiniform plexus to form ovarian vein — drains into IVC on right side and left renal vein on left side
Where does round ligament develop form and its blood supply
Blood supply-Sampsons artery-branch of uterine artery
Develops from Gubernaculum
Why does bicornuate uterus occur
Due to incomplete fusion of paramesinephric ducts
Derivatives of paramesonephric duct
Hydatid testis
Uterus ,FT
Gartners cyst develops from
Mesonephric duct
For hormonal study,sample should be taken from which wall of vagina
Lateral wall
Vaginal defense is lost at
10 days after birth
Which ligament carries ovarian artery
Suspensory ligament of ovary
Ligament which keeps the uterus in AV and AF position
Round ligament
Ligament which prevents retroversion of uterus
Uterosacral ligament
Remanats of Müllerian ducts in male
Appendix of testes (Hydatid of Morgagni)
Prostatic utriculus
Most common uterine malformation association with renal anomaly
Unicornuate uterus
Effects of DES in male
Cryptorchidism
Testicular hypoplasia
Hypospadias
If during PV,first structure palpated is posterior lip of cervix it means
Uterus is retroverted
Nerve supply of levator ani
Pudendal nerve (S2,3,4)