anatomy

Question 1

human biology

Answer 1

study of how the body works in health and disease

Question 2

anatomy

Answer 2

study of the structure and relationship of the body parts

Question 3

physiology

Answer 3

study of the function of body systems, organs, tissues and cells

Question 4

pathology

Answer 4

study of biology when anatomy and/or physiology have become abnormal

Question 5

anatomical position

Answer 5

reference position for all anatomical terms

Question 6

transverse plane

Answer 6

divides body into top and bottom sections

Question 7

sagittal plane

Answer 7

divides body into right and left sections

Question 8

coronal plane

Answer 8

divides body into front and back sections

Question 9

midline

Answer 9

Imaginary line drawn through the center of the body or center of the (head) in the sagittal plane (check in text to clarify)

Question 10

superior

Answer 10

above

Question 11

inferior

Answer 11

below

Question 12

medial

Answer 12

closer to the midline

Question 13

lateral

Answer 13

farther from the midline

Question 14

anterior

Answer 14

in front of

Question 15

posterior

Answer 15

in back of

Question 16

ventral

Answer 16

belly side

Question 17

dorsal

Answer 17

back side

Question 18

dorsal

Answer 18

back side

Question 19

proximal

Answer 19

nearer the center of the body or the root of a limb

Question 20

distal

Answer 20

farther from the center of the body or the root of a limb

Question 21

superficial

Answer 21

closer to the surface

Question 22

deep

Answer 22

deeper in

Question 23

central

Answer 23

within or near the center

Question 24

peripheral

Answer 24

at or near the rim or edge

Question 25

external

Answer 25

outer or outward

Question 26

internal

Answer 26

inner or inward

Question 27

afferent

Answer 27

to

Question 28

efferent

Answer 28

from

Question 29

prone

Answer 29

face down

Question 30

supine

Answer 30

face up

Question 31

fibrous joint

Answer 31

no joint space, no joint capsule, little or no movement

Question 32

cartilaginous joint

Answer 32

no joint space, no joint capsule, allows slight movement

Question 33

synovial joint

Answer 33

joint space, joint capsule, freely movable

Question 34

ROM

Answer 34

range of motion

Question 35

flexion

Answer 35

bending or reducing the angle of a joint

Question 36

extension

Answer 36

straightening or increasing the angle of a joint

Question 37

dorsiflexion

Answer 37

bending the ankle anteriorly (foot moves toward shin)

Question 38

plantar flexion

Answer 38

straighten ankle (foot moves away from shin)

Question 39

rotation

Answer 39

turning

Question 40

medial (internal) rotation

Answer 40

turn inward

Question 41

lateral (external) rotation

Answer 41

turn outward

Question 42

abduction

Answer 42

move away from midline

Question 43

adduction

Answer 43

move toward midline

Question 44

circumduction

Answer 44

roll around in a circle

Question 45

protraction

Answer 45

stick out or move forward

Question 46

retraction

Answer 46

pull back or move backward

Question 47

inversion

Answer 47

toes in

Question 48

eversion

Answer 48

toes out

Question 49

opposition

Answer 49

thumb pad moves to touch finger pads

Question 50

supination

Answer 50

turn palms up

Question 51

pronation

Answer 51

turn palms down

Question 52

elevation

Answer 52

raise

Question 53

depression

Answer 53

depress, move downward

Question 54

gliding

Answer 54

slide

Question 55

lateral flexion (side-bending)

Answer 55

bend spine or parts of spine sideways

Question 56

hinge joint

Answer 56

synovial joint that primarily allows flexion, extension

Question 57

plane joint

Answer 57

synovial joint that glides, allowing movement according to where located

Question 58

condyloid or ellipsoid joint

Answer 58

synovial joint that allows flexion extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction

Question 59

ball and socket joint

Answer 59

synovial joint that allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial and lateral rotation, and circumduction

Question 60

saddle joint

Answer 60

synovial joint that allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and limited rotation

Question 61

hyaline cartilage

Answer 61

smooth, rubbery tissue that has no blood or nerve supply

Question 62

fibrocartilage

Answer 62

tough, dense, rubbery tissue that has no blood or nerve supply

Question 63

elastic cartilage

Answer 63

flexible, rubbery tissue that has no blood or nerve supply

Question 64

joint capsule

Answer 64

fibrous connective tissue that encloses synovial joints and makes synovial fluid

Question 65

ligaments

Answer 65

fibrous, connective tissue that connects bone to bone

Question 66

tendons

Answer 66

fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone

Question 67

bursae

Answer 67

fibrous connective tissue “gel packs” that act as shock absorbers for tissues

Question 68

fascia

Answer 68

connective tissue that wraps muscle fibers, groups of muscle fibers and organs