Anatomy Flashcards
What are the borders of the heart?
*Right border- Right atrium
*Left border- Left ventricle
*Superior border- Right and left atria and auricle.
*Inferior border-Right ventricle and part of left ventricle
What makes up the base of the heart?
Left Atrium and part of right atrium
What makes up the apex of the heart?
Part of the left ventricle
Where is the apex of the heart located?
It is located deep to fifth intercostal space, 9 cm from midline, on midclavicular line
What are the different surfaces of the heart?
Sternocostal surface
Diaphragmatic surface
Posterior surface (Base )
Apex
Pulmonary Surface
What structure forms the Sternocostal surface?
The Right Atrium
What structure forms the Diaphragmatic surface?
Formed by left ventricle (2/3) and small part of right ventricle (1/3)
What structure forms the Posterior surface?
Left atrium mainly receiving four pulmonary vein- Narrow strip of right atrium
What structure forms the Pulmonary surface?
Formed mainly by left ventricle
What is the crux of the heart?
This is the area on the lower back side of the heartwhere the coronary sulcusand the posterior interventricular sulcusmeet
Which blood vessel passes in proximity to the crux of the heart?
Atrioventricular Nodal Artery
True or False? Auscultation to determine function of a valve is usually not performed at the position of the valve, but at the position to where the sound waves reverberate
TRUE!!
What is the surface marking for the Right border?
Extends from lower border of right THIRD costal cartilage to lower border of right SIXTH costal cartilage, beyond right margin of sternum
What is the surface marking for the Inferior border?
Extends from right SIXTH costal cartilage to APEX, located in left fifth intercostal space, on midclavicular line.
What is the surface marking of the left border?
Left border extends from lower border of left second costal cartilage (2 cm from sternal margin) to apex
Where is the Mitral area located?
Left fifth intercostal space - left midclavicular line
Which area is known to be found in the right second intercostal space - upper right sternal border?
Aortic area
Which area is known to be found in the left second intercostal space- upper left sternal border?
Pulmonary area
The Tricuspid area is located where?
The left four intercostal space - lower left sternal border.
True or False? The rough area of the right atrium represents the true auricular chamber of the embryonic heart.
TRUE!!
From what structures does the right atrium receive deoxygenated blood?
SVC
IVC
Coronary Sinus
What is the function of the sulcus terminals?
It separates the right atrium pectinate muscles from the sinus venarum
True or False? The sinus venarum is the rough part of the right atrium.
FALSE!!! Sinus venarum is the Smooth part
” S for sinus venarum S for smooth S for sinus venosum from which it originated.
Where is the SA node and the AV node located?
In the right atrium,
SA - in the upper wall of the right atrium, at the junction where the superior vena cava enters.
AV- Triangle of Koch ,located within the atrioventricular septum, near the opening of the coronary sinus.
What is the name of the valve at the opening of the Inferior Vena Cava?
Eustachian valve
What is the name of the valve at the opening of the Coronary sinus?
Thebasian valve
From where does the Limbus Ovalis develop?
From the lower free margin of the septum secundum
What are the boundaries of the triangle of Koch?
Infront - Septal leaflet of the Tricuspid valve
Below and behind-Opening of the Coronary sinus
Above and behind- Tendon of Todaro
Which structure is known as the moderator band?
Septomarginal Trabecular - spans between the interventricular septum and the anterior papillary muscle
What is the name of the structure that prevent the cusps from being everted when the ventricle contracts?
Chorine Tendinae
Fill in the blank.” The supra ventricular crest is a remnant of _____”
Bulboventricular ridge - this separated rightt ventricle proper from bulbs cordus.
What structure contains right crus of AV bundle?
Septomarginal trabecula
True or False? The anterior cusp of the mitral valve is thicker and more rigid than the posterior cusp.
TRUE!!
Where is the anterior cusp of the mitral valve located?
The mitral and aortic orifices
What is the shape used to describe the right ventricle?
Cresent-shape
What is the shape used to describe the left ventricle?
Circular
Which papillary muscle in the left ventricle is thicker?
Anterior
What is the lower limit of the aortic vestibule?
Level of the attached margin of the anterior cusp of the mitral valve.
What is the upper limit of the aortic vestibule?
Root of the aorta or Aortic orifice
Where is the coronary sinus located?
Dilated portion of venous system of heart located in coronary sulcus
(atrioventricular groove)
How long is the coronary sinus?
2-2.5cm
What veins drain into the superior vena cava?
Right brachiocephalic vein and left brachiocephaglic veins.
What veins drain into the right and left brachiocephallic veins?
External and Internal Jugular veins
What are the two structures that come off the brachiocephallic trunk of the aortic arch?
Right subclavian artery and right common carotid artery
True or False Coronary sinus will open into right atrium?
TRUE!!
Where is the coronary sinus located?
Between the left atrium and left ventricle
What structures are tributaries of the Coronary sinus?
- Great Cardiac vein(running with LAD)
- Small cardiac vein
3.Middle Cardiac vein(running with PIA) - Posterior Vein of left ventricle( left to middle cardiac vein)
- Oblique vein of the right atrium ( Vein of Marshal)
