anatomy Flashcards
The inferior vena cava orifice is in the wall of the
right atrium of the heart
Which of the following internal organs is located in the retroperitoneal area of the abdomen?
kidney
A sphincter is:
a muscle which surrounds body orifice for the purpose of opening and closing that orifice
Which of the following is an unpaired visceral branch of the abdominal aorta?
celiac trunk or axis
The subclavian vein arises as the continuation of the:
axillary vein
While at rest or even sleeping, about __________ percent of each systemic stroke volume from the left ventricle goes to the kidneys for filtration.
20
The study of the vascular system:
angiology
Which of the following is a paired bone of the cranium? The:
temporal
The number of pairs of spinal nerves is
thirty-one
Put these layers found in the wall of the stomach in proper order from inside to out:
1 - muscularis
2 - serosa
3 - submucosa
4 - mucosa
4 - mucosa
3 - submucosa
1 - muscularis
2 - serosa
A term that suggests some relationship to the internal body organs is:
visceral
The act of moving the arm laterally away from the mid-line of the body?
abduction
The study of the veins of the body is:
phlebology
The artery that is transmitted through the adductor canal is the:
femoral artery
The study of bones is:
osteology
Which of the following is NOT descriptive of thrombocytes?
they carry hemoglobin to and from the body cells
In relation to the lungs, the heart lies:
medial
Pulmonary circulation terminates in the:
left atrium
The papillary muscles are found in the make-up of the
heart
Which of the following is located on the medial aspect of the thigh?
Adductor longus muscle
The relatively movable point of attachment of a muscle is termed the
insertion
Which of the following groups of bones is located in the wrist of the hand in a human body?
Carpals
The formed elements of the blood are also called
cells
Where is the soleus muscle located?
on the posterior aspect of the lower leg
The portion of the skull that encloses the brain:
cranium
Blood leaving the right ventricle, during the contraction phase of that ventricle, passes through the?
pulmonary semilunar valve
A blood vessel closely associated with the right atrium of the heart:
inferior vena cava
Which of these is NOT a branch of the aorta?
right subclavian artery
Systemic circulation always ends in a/n:
atrium
An artery closely associated with the inguinal ligament:
external iliac artery
Approximately what percent of the total volume of blood consists of blood cells (formed elements)?
45%
Which of these is a muscle of the neck?
Platysma
Which of the following structures is NOT involved in systemic circulation?
left atrium
Which of these is a bone of the face?
Vomer
Because the heart moves as it beats, the pericardium is, of necessity, what type of membrane?
serous
In anatomical study, the direction toward the front of the body is referred to as:
anterior
A group of organs acting together to perform a common function is
a system
The portal system is considered to terminate in the:
liver
The quality of the blood found in the chambers on the left side of the heart is always?
oxygen rich
What blood vessel is formed by the union of the right and left vertebral arteries?
Basilar artery
Which of the following structures are boundaries of the femoral triangle?
1 - Sartorius muscle
2 - adductor longus muscle
3 - inguinal ligament
The imaginary vertical plane that cuts through a cadaver, from side to side, at right angles to the mid-sagittal plane, is referred to as the:
coronal (or frontal) plane
The two lower chambers of the heart are called?
ventricles
Each of the following arteries is paired EXCEPT:
basilar artery
The connective tissue structure which attaches muscle to bone is a
tendon
The auditory ossicles are contained within the:
temporal bone
The heart chamber in which the pulmonary circulation terminates is the
left atrium
The artery of the Circle of Willis that transports blood from the internal carotid artery to the posterior cerebral artery is the:
posterior communicating artery
A bone that is NOT a cranial bone is the:
vomer bone
How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?
126 bones
The left ventricle:
2 - pumps oxygenated blood to body tissues.
3 - receives blood from left atrium though bicuspid valve.
The retromandibular vein is a vein of the:
face
What is the main function of an erythrocyte?
to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
The internal carotid artery is the main blood supply to the:
brain
What kind of gland is the pancreas?
heterocrine gland
A temporarily unossified part of a cranial suture of an infant is called a/n:
fontanel
Of the following arteries, the one involved in the make-up of the Circle of Willis is the:
anterior cerebral artery
Blood is classified as which type of elementary tissue:
connective tissue
Circulation beginning in the left ventricle goes directly to the ___ circulation.
systemic
The two slender tubes which convey urine, one from kidney to the urinary bladder is the?
ureter
The upper chambers of the heart are called:
atria
The ascending aorta has ___ branches which supply the coronary arteries.
two branches
The arteries of the body
convey blood in a general direction away from the chambers of the heart
The small saphenous vein is a tributary to the
popliteal vein
A body part which lies closest to the point of attachment of an extremity is said to be?
proximal
Because of their crescent moon-shaped cusps, the pulmonary and aortic valves are referred as?
semilunar valves
A dead human body used for anatomical study is referred to as a:
cadaver
When blood leaves the left atrium, it passes through the ___________________ into the left ventricle.
bicuspid (mitral) valve
A term that refers to the trunk of the body:
torso
The companion vein (running concomitantly with) of the common carotid artery is the?
Q
internal jugular vein
Refers to the ventricular relaxation phase; the phase when the lower chambers are filling- of the cardiac cycle.
diastole
The myocardium of the heart is composed of what elementary tissue?
Muscle
Which of the following blood vessels are branches of the arch of the aorta?
I- Right common carotid artery
2 - Left common carotid artery
3 - Left subclavian artery
4- Brachiocephalic artery
2 - Left common carotid artery
3 - Left subclavian artery
4- Brachiocephalic artery
The pH of normal blood is:
slightly alkaline
Which of the following veins arises from the dorsal venous network of the foot?
great saphenous vein
The liver produces:
bile
Blood returning from systemic circulation returns to the?
right atrium
The liver receives its blood supply from which of the following?
celiac trunk artery
A bone of the lower extremity is the
fibula
At the beginning of systemic circulation, blood leaves the heart from this chamber?
left ventricle
The pulmonary veins convey highly oxygenated blood into the
left atrium
The act of decreasing the angle between long bones is
flexion
The renal veins are tributaries to the
inferior vena cava
A pair of veins that drain blood from the legs are the?
great & small saphenous veins
The pulse is usually taken at the:
radial artery
The study of muscles is
myology
The heart chamber in which systemic circulation originates is the
left ventricle
Which of the following is a type of circulation originating at the heart?
systemic and pulmonary
Which of the following is NOT a part of the cerebral arterial circle?
external carotid artery
The average volume of blood in an adult human body is:
3 - 5 liters
The outer layer of the wall of the heart is the
epicardium
The arachnoid is a
division of the meninges
The space between the lungs which houses the heart and larger blood vessels is the:
mediastinum
The middle section of the small intestine is the
jejunum
When a red blood cell passes through the aortic semilunar valve, it will find itself first in the:
ascending aorta
Red blood cells are called:
erythrocytes
Veins originate all over the body as continuations of:
capillaries
The dura mater is a division of the
meninges
The middle section of the pharynx is the:
oropharynx
Because they are located between an atrium and ventricle. the bicuspid and tricuspid valves are referred to as?
atrioventricular valves or AV valves
An imaginary plane that cuts through the body horizontally, is called a:
transverse plane
The coronary sinus orifice is in which chamber of the heart?
right atrium
The most superior vertebra of the spinal column is the
atlas
The parotid glands secrete
saliva
Blood exits from the left ventricle of the heart through the:
aorta
Which chamber of the heart contains the papillary muscles and chordae tendinae associated with the tricuspid valve?
Right ventricle
Which chamber of the heart contains the papillary muscles and chordae tendinae associated with the tricuspid valve?
Right ventricle
Which chamber of the heart contains the papillary muscles and chordae tendinae associated with the tricuspid valve?
Right ventricle
The right ventricle:
1 - pumps de-oxygenated blood to lungs
4 - receives blood from right atrium through tricuspid valve.
Refers to the ventricular contraction phase of the cardiac cycle?
systole
The inner layer of the pericardium is often referred to as the ________________ especially on the dissected heart.
serous layer
The inverted funnel-like organ just posterior to the oral and nasal cavities is the
pharynx
A body part which lies closest to the mid-sagittal plane is said to be
medial
How many pairs of ribs are in the human skeleton?
12
Where cardiac excitation begins:
sinoatrial (SA) node
Pulmonary circulation terminates with:
oxygenated blood
The study of the heart and the diseases associated with it:
cardiology
What blood vessel begins at the opening of the adductor magnus muscle?
popliteal artery
Which of the following is a part of the larynx?
Thyroid cartilage
What muscle action cause a body part to move toward the medial plane?
adduction
Which of the following terms is NOT associated with erythrocytes:
phagocytosis
In which of the following areas does cerebrospinal fluid flow around the brain?
in the subarachnoid space
An oval depression in the wall of the interatrial septum, a remnant of fetal circulation?
fossa ovalis
When going from the ventral body cavity to the dorsal body cavity, one is going in a ____________ direction?
posterior
Circulation beginning in the right ventricle is the:
pulmonary circulation
Upon inhalation air leaving the larynx next passes through the
trachea
The basilic vein terminates, along with the brachial vein, at the level of the tendons of insertion of the teres major muscle to become the ___ .
axillary vein
What system of the body includes the brain?
Central nervous system
The recording of electrical signals in the heart?
ECG
Another name for the right atrio-ventricular valve of the heart is
tricuspid valve
A shallow depression in a bone is referred to as a:
fossa
The lateral border of the femoral triangle is the
sartorius muscle
The supraorbital margin is a landmark of which of the following bones?
Frontal bone
The term tunica externa suggests which of the following body structures?
An artery
Which of the following is a muscle of the anterior thigh?
Quadriceps femoris
Which of the following blood vessels is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery?
dorsalis pedis artery
The brain and the spinal cord may collectively be referred to as the
central nervous system
The bones of the arms and legs are considered to be
appendicular
Which of these is the last chamber of the heart to contain oxygenated blood before it enters into the aorta?
left ventricle
Blood returning to the heart from pulmonary circulation enters the?
left atrium
The number of classified bones in the make-up of the human skeleton is:
206
Of the following arteries, the one that is involved in the make-up of the Circle of Willis is the:
internal carotid artery
Which of the following is NOT a part of the quadriceps femoris muscle?
Biceps femoris
The descending colon terminates by becoming the
sigmoid colon
The ileum joins the large intestine at the:
cecum
Systemic circulation begins with:
the aorta
Where are the chordae tendinae located?
in the ventricles of the heart
Which blood vessel bifurcates into the right and left common iliac arteries?
abdominal aorta
A term that suggests a location close to the surface of the body or body part is:
superficial
The external jugular vein terminates as it unites with the ________________ to form the brachiocephalic vein.
subclavian vein
How many pairs of salivary glands are there in the body?
three pair
The membrane that lines the abdominal cavity is the:
peritoneum
The process of bone formation is
ossification
Which of these organs receive blood from the celiac axis or celiac trunk?
1 - Liver
2 - Stomach
3 - Spleen
Which structure results from the bifurcation of the trachea?
Primary bronchi
The heart chamber which has the ability to contract with the greatest force is:
left ventricle
The membrane which surrounds the shaft of a long bone is the
periosteum
The part of the vascular system that takes oxygenated blood to the body and then returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart is the
systemic circulation
Which of the following is a muscle of the chest?
Pectoralis major
The valve in the left atrio-ventricular septum of the heart is the
mitral valve
In the plane for the abdominal region, that region located directly superior to the umbilical region is known as the ______________
epigastric region
By conducting along atrial muscle fibers, the action potential reaches this, located in the septum between the two atria, just anterior to the opening of the coronary sinus:
atrioventricular (AV) node
The muscle of the heart is served by?
coronary circulation
Blood passes from the right atrium into the right ventricle through a valve called the?
tricuspid valve
Which of the following structures resembles a “cauda equina” (horses tail)?
the spinal cord and its spinal nerves
An artery that is considered to be the continuation of the radial artery going into the hand is the:
deep palmar arch
The external iliac vein arises as a continuation of the:
femoral vein
The middle and muscular layer of the heart wall which comprises the bulk of the heart?
myocardium
Which of these blood vessels is located on the lateral aspect of the forearm?
Radial artery
The sella turcica is located on the:
sphenoid bone
Which of the following is a sphincter muscle?
Orbicularis oris
What is another name for the cerebral arterial circle?
Circle of Willis
Which of the following organs found in the human body, have four ventricles?
3 - Brain
Systemic circulation of a red blood cell ends when it reaches the:
right atrium
Which of the following valves transmit de-oxygenated blood:
1 - Pulmonary semilunar
3 - Tricuspid valve
Which of those listed below are variations in types of muscle tissue?
Cardiac
Smooth
Striated
Which of the following is a chemical substance in the blood that serves as an anti-infection agent?
Antibody
The femoral vein
enters the adductor canal
The carotid canal is found in which of the following bones?
temporal
The large vein that returns deoxygenated blood from the lower extremities and the abdomen to the right atrium of the heart is the:
inferior vena cava
Which of these muscles forms the widest part of the back?
Latissimus dorsi
The rectus femoris muscle is associated with the
patella
The chordae tendinae of the heart are controlled by cone-shaped (finger like) muscles that arise from the trabeculae carnae of the heart. These muscles are called ___.
papillary muscles
Which of the following arteries is most closely associated with the left ventricle of the heart?
Aorta
Which of the following muscle is located in the cervical region of the body?
Sternocleidomastoid
How many bones in the axial skeleton?
80
Systemic circulation begins as blood passes out of the heart through this valve into the largest artery in the body?
aortic semilunar valve
A cluster of capillaries within a nephron of the kidney is the?
glomerulus
A branch of which of the following structures supplies blood to the stomach?
celiac trunk
Which of the following structures is NOT involved in pulmonary circulation?
right atrium
What blood vessel supplies oxygenated blood to the small intestine and the right half of the large intestine?
superior mesenteric artery
The study of the structures of the body by considering specific sets of related organs as an identifiable unit is
systemic anatomy
Circulation always begins in a:
ventricle
Systemic circulation terminates in the:
right atrium
Which system of the body contain the glottis?
Respiratory system
The plantar arteries are located in the:
foot
The membrane that surrounds and protects the heart:
pericardium
The arteries that arise from the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta are the
common iliac arteries
The inner most layer of the heart is the:
endocardium
The heart valve in the right atrio-ventricular septum is the
tricuspid valve
The opening between the pharynx and the larynx is the
glottis
The meninges of the spinal cord terminate in a structure called the:
filum terminale
Even while you are sleeping, the heart pumps about ____________ liters of blood to your lungs each minute and a similar amount to the rest of the body.
5
The roof of the mouth is the:
palateq
The center region of the abdomen in the nine region plan is the:
umbilical region
The gland located at the base of the brain is the
pituitary gland
The bicuspid valve of the heart controls the flow of blood through the:
left atrioventricular orifice
The union of the splenic vein and the superior mesenteric vein forms the:
hepatic portal vein
Which of the following components of the blood is about 92% water?
Plasma
The study of blood:
hematology
Which of the following is NOT a section of the small intestine:
cecum
A union between two arteries or veins, forming alternate routes to a tissue or part, is called a/n:
anastomosis
The study of the structure of the body with emphasis on the superficial landmarks is
topographical anatomy
The third branch of the arch of the aorta is the:
left subclavian artery
The union of the distal ends of two or more blood vessels is called
anastomosis
Which of the following is considered to be the largest artery of the body when considering volume? The:
Aorta
A term that defines one of the two divisions of the skeleton is:
axial
Most of the blood volume of the body will be found in the:
veins
The serous membrane that lines the thoracic cavity is the
pleura
How many thoracic vertebrae are in the vertebral column?
12
The sphincter valve situated in the orifice between the stomach and the small intestine is the:
pyloric
What blood cells are responsible for fighting infection?
Leukocytes
The study of the heart is
cardiology
An artery that supplies blood to the hand:
deep palmar artery
The two coronary arteries supply blood to the:
muscle of the heart
Often referred to as the “strings of the heart” these cords keep the atrioventricular valves from blowing out backwards during the contraction phase of the heart ventricles.
chordae tendinae
The imaginary, vertical plane that cuts through the body in such a manner as to divide it into two symmetrical halves is referred to as the:
median plane
Which of these bones is classified as a cranial bone?
Sphenoid bone
How many lobes does the right lung have?
three
Because any structure that carries blood toward the chambers of the heart is a vein, venous circulation is considered to terminate in/the:
both atria of the heart
Which of the following can be located on the medial and superficial aspect of the forearm?
basilic vein
The xiphoid process is a part of which of the following bones?
Sternum
The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle is called:
systole
The tricuspid valve is located between the:
right atrium and right ventricle
Which of the following is a large artery of the arm?
Brachial
The correct order that a blood cell passes through the structures of the pulmonary circulation is:
2: right atrium
3: tricuspid valve
1: right ventricle
6: pulmonary artery
- pulmonary veins
Which of these blood vessels arises at the termination of the subclavian artery?
Axillary artery
The internal jugular vein unites with the subclavian vein to form the:
brachiocephalic vein
Pulmonary circulation begins in the:
right ventricle
Which of the following branches of the external carotid artery supplies blood to the nose, lips, and chin? The:
Facial artery
The horse-shoe shaped bone of the neck at the base of the tongue that does not articulate with any other bone is the?
hyoid
The arch of the aorta gives off:
three branches
The quality of the blood found in the chambers on the right side of the heart is always?
oxygen poor
The one muscle that is NOT a “hamstring” muscle is the:
quadriceps femoris
Of those veins listed below, which one is considered to be the longest vein in the body?
Great saphenous
The liquid portion of clotted blood is called (blood minus its clotting elements):
serum
The exit duct of urinary bladder is
the urethra
Which branch of the internal carotid artery supplies blood to the eyeball?
Ophthalmic artery
Which of the following bifurcates into the right subclavian and right common carotid arteries?
brachiocephalic artery
The terminal air sacs of the lungs are called:
alveoli
What structure will blood pass through as it is leaving the right ventricle of the heart?
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Which blood vessel begins at the lateral border of the first rib and terminates as it passes by the tendon of the teres major muscle?
Axillary artery
