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3rd Year > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What does the abbreviation SCALP stand for?

A

skull, connective tissue, aponeurosis, loose connective tissue, pia mater

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2
Q

What is the innermost layer of the scalp?

A

pericranium

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3
Q

Which lobe is wernicke’s area?

A

temporal

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4
Q

Which lobe is Broca’s area?

A

frontal

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5
Q

What is the cingulate?

A

It is a gyrus above the corpus callosum which regulates emotion and pain.

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6
Q

Which structure connects the 3rd and 4th ventricles in the brain?

A

cerebral aqueduct

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7
Q

What is the round ligament an embryological remnant of?

A

the gubernaculum

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8
Q

Which ligament helps the uterus stay in place?

A

broad

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9
Q

What is the important area to be sampled in cervical screening?

A

the transformation zone

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10
Q

Which gland helps lubricate the areola?

A

montgomery glands

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11
Q

What is the order in which structures the needle goes through for an epidural?

A

skin, subcutaneous fat, supraspinous ligament, interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum

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12
Q

Where is spinal anaesthetic injected into?

A

subarachnoid space

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13
Q

Where does lymph from the testes drain?

A

para-aortic lymph nodes

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14
Q

What does the iliopsoas muscle do?

A

active hip flexion

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15
Q

What muscles are not working in a wrist drop (radial)?

A

extensor muscles

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16
Q

What 2 muscles do the breast tissue lie on?

A

pec major and serratus anterior

17
Q

What is a common side effect of spinal anaesthesia?

A

hypotension

18
Q

What level are epidurals / spinal anaesthesia administered?

A

L3-L4

19
Q

What is the order from superficial to deep of the ligaments passed through for an epidural / spinal anaesthesia?

A
  1. supraspinous ligament
  2. interspinous ligament
  3. ligamentum flavum
20
Q

What is the landmark for a pudendal nerve block?

A

ischial spine

21
Q

What level does the subarachnoid space end?

A

S2

22
Q

When does the spinal cord become the cauda equina?

A

L2

22
Q

What are Cowper’s (M) and Bartholin’s (F) glands and what do they do?

A

Cowper’s - bulbourethral gland which neutralises the acidic urine

Bartholin’s - greater vestibular gland which provides vulvar lubrication by secreting mucus.

23
Q

Which parts of the spine are the lateral horns present?

A

Present only in the thoracic and upper lumbar segment of the spinal cord. (sympathetic system T1-L2).

24
Q

Once synapsed at the thalamus what side of the body is affected?

A

ipsilateral

25
Q

What level does the common carotid bifurcate?

A

C4

26
Q

Which vein do the sinuses drain into from the brain?

A

internal jugular vein

27
Q

Decerebrate vs decorticate

A

Decerebrate - lesion below the red nucleus, extension of the whole body, back arched

Decorticate - lesion above the red nucleus, hands clenched, flexion of the arms, feet pointed inwards

28
Q

What controls the primary auditory cortex?

A

superior temporal gyrus

29
Q

What structure lets blood through for an erection?

A

corpus cavernosum

30
Q

What are the contents of the spermatic cord?

A
  • Ductus deferens (vas deferens)
  • testicular artery
  • artery of the ductus deferens
  • cremasteric artery
  • pampiniform plexus
  • tunica vaginalis
  • lymphatic vessels
31
Q

What is the order from lateral to medial of the inguinal canal?

A

nerve, artery, vein, lymphatic

32
Q

In the brachial plexus what nerves make the lateral, posterior and medial cord?

A

lateral - musculocutaneous
posterior - axillary, radial
medial - ulnar
(median nerve is all)

33
Q

What is the common landmark for a bone marrow biopsy?

A

posterior iliac crest

34
Q

What structure goes under the uterine artery?

A

ureter

3rd Year (7 decks)

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