Anatomy Flashcards
Anatomy is
The study of the structure of the human body
Physiology
The study of the function of the body
Homeostasis
The existence & maintenance of a constant internal environment
Homeostatic variables
Stimuli that changes the body’s internal environment; temperature,hormones, diet, body’s pH level
Homeostatic mechanisms
Sweating & shivering
Set point (normal body temp)
98.6
Regional anatomy
Study of the structures of the body
Directional terms
Description of position of one structure in the body in relation to another structure
Superior
Above
Inferior
Below
Anterior
Front
Posterior
Back
Proximal
Closer to midline
Distal
Further from midline
Medial
Middle
Lateral
Side
Deep
More internal
Superficial
Towards surface
Body planes
Viewing structures from different aspects
Midsaggital (median)
Middle of the body
Sagittal
Splits body but not equally, anywhere along midsagittal plane
Transverse
(Horizontal)
Superior and inferior
Frontal (coronal)
Anterior, posterior
Body regions
Central, upper limb, lower limb
Central body region
Center of body;
Head, neck, trunk
Trunk
Thorax, chest, abdomen, pelvis
Thorax contains
Heart, lungs, esophagus, thymus, & major blood vessels connecting to heart
Abdomen
Majority of digestive organs; stomach,liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, and large intestine. Also kidneys & ureters
Pelvis contains
Urinary bladder, urethra, & reproductive organs
Upper limb 4 regions
Arm, forearm, wrist, hand
Arm contains
Humerus
Forearm contains
Radius ulna
Wrist contains
Carpals