Anatomy Flashcards
Superior (cranial)
Above or closer to the head
Inferior (caudal)
Below or closer to the feet.
Anterior (ventral)
Toward the front of the body
Posterior (dorsal)
Toward the back of the body.
Medial
Closer to the midline of the body.
Lateral
Further from the midline of the body.
Proximal
Closer to the trunk of the body
Distal
Farther from the trunk of the body.
Superficial
Closer to the surface of the body.
Deep
More within the body farther from the surface.
Sagittal plane
Divides the body in L&R SIDES
Mid sagittal
Refers to equal division of L&R sides running from the midline of the body. Halves into quarters.
Transverse plane
Divides the body into upper and lower sections not necessarily equal.
Frontal/ coronal plane
Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.
Cranial cavity
Within the bony cranium houses the meniges (brain)
Thoracic cavity
Within the chest, houses the lungs, heart and major vessels.
Abdominal cavity
Within the abdomen houses majority of the organs.
Pelvic cavity
Inferior (below) the abdominal cavity, houses the bladder.
Homeostasis
A balanced stable state within the body.
Integumentary system organs
Skin, hair follicle, sebaceous glands, nails, sudoriferous glands, epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer.
Skin
Responsible for protection, temp regulation, sensation, excretion, vitamin D production.
Hair follicles
Generate hair.
Sebaceous glands
Produces sebum to keep skin and hair soft, prevent bacteria from growing on skin.
Fingernails & toenails
Protects ends of fingers n toes.
Sudoriferous glands
Produce sweat to aid in cooling the body.
Epidermis
Outermost layer of epithelial tissue,covers the external surface of the body.
Dermis
Thick layer beneath that contain arteries veins and nerves.
Subcutaneous layer
Loose, connective tissue composed of adipose tissue and lipocytes.
