Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

dorsal/superior

A

top

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2
Q

ventral/inferior

A

bottom

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3
Q

Rostral/Anterior

A

front

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4
Q

Caudal/Posterior

A

back

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5
Q

Transverse Slice

A

blindfold

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6
Q

Coronal Slice

A

the crown, like a
headband

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7
Q

Sagittal Slice

A

sideways blindfold
going down over the nose

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8
Q

lateral

A

outside the brain on the
side; towards the side

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9
Q

Medial

A

inside the brain on the side;
towards the middle

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10
Q

spinal cord dorsal

A

Back (when start at the top
it leads to the back)

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11
Q

spinal cord ventral

A

Front (when start at the
bottom it leads to the front)

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12
Q

Dura

A

protective layer of the brain

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13
Q

gyri

A

The crows of the folded tissue that one observes when viewing the surface

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14
Q

sulci (fissure)

A

folds (Infoldings of the cortical sheet)

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15
Q

tracts

A

bundles of axons

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16
Q

gray matter

A

contains cell bodies of neurons and glia

17
Q

white matter

A

contains myelin and axon

18
Q

Cortico-cortico

A

goes from one area of the cortex to another

19
Q

Corticofugal

A

goes from the cortex to the periphery

20
Q

retrograde

A
  • Diffuses up axon to cell body
  • Backward in time
21
Q

anterograde

A
  • Diffuses down from the cell body to the axon terminal
  • Forward in time
22
Q

Cytoarchitectonics

A
  • Staining cells/tissues with a particular color
  • Found that the cortex has different layers (deep, middle, upper,
    and superficial)
  • Found the layers have different densities
  • Each different Brodmann region has different cognitive
    functions
23
Q

cortex

A

consists of gyri and sulci
- increases surface area
- they crumble up

24
Q

Central sulcus

A

Separates the frontal lobe
from the parietal lobe

25
Lateral Sylvian fissure
Separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes
26
Longitudinal fissures
Separates the right hemisphere and the left hemisphere
27
Parieto-occipital sulcus
Separates the occipital from the parietal and temporal
28
Ventricular System
Cerebral spinal fluid cushions the brain - Allows for impact to do less damage
29
Motor Cortex (M1)
- Precentral gyrus is the site for primary motor cortex (in charge of movement) - Frontal lobe --> Betz cell
30
Somatosensory (S1) – parietal lobe
- Touch, pain, temperature, limb, proprioception - Postcentral gyrus
31
Limbic System
Function: emotional processing and plays a role in learning and memory
32
basal ganglia
Function: Connect with motor regions to monitor motor behavior
33
Thalamus
relays information
34
Hypothalamus
homeostasis
35
hippocampus
memory conversion
36
Pons
auditory and vestibular functions
37
Medulla
sensory motor functions, vestibular, motor control of face/mouth/throat/respiratory system/heart