Anatomy Flashcards
dorsal/superior
top
ventral/inferior
bottom
Rostral/Anterior
front
Caudal/Posterior
back
Transverse Slice
blindfold
Coronal Slice
the crown, like a
headband
Sagittal Slice
sideways blindfold
going down over the nose
lateral
outside the brain on the
side; towards the side
Medial
inside the brain on the side;
towards the middle
spinal cord dorsal
Back (when start at the top
it leads to the back)
spinal cord ventral
Front (when start at the
bottom it leads to the front)
Dura
protective layer of the brain
gyri
The crows of the folded tissue that one observes when viewing the surface
sulci (fissure)
folds (Infoldings of the cortical sheet)
tracts
bundles of axons
gray matter
contains cell bodies of neurons and glia
white matter
contains myelin and axon
Cortico-cortico
goes from one area of the cortex to another
Corticofugal
goes from the cortex to the periphery
retrograde
- Diffuses up axon to cell body
- Backward in time
anterograde
- Diffuses down from the cell body to the axon terminal
- Forward in time
Cytoarchitectonics
- Staining cells/tissues with a particular color
- Found that the cortex has different layers (deep, middle, upper,
and superficial) - Found the layers have different densities
- Each different Brodmann region has different cognitive
functions
cortex
consists of gyri and sulci
- increases surface area
- they crumble up
Central sulcus
Separates the frontal lobe
from the parietal lobe
Lateral Sylvian fissure
Separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes
Longitudinal fissures
Separates the right hemisphere and the left hemisphere
Parieto-occipital sulcus
Separates the occipital
from the parietal and
temporal
Ventricular System
Cerebral spinal fluid cushions the brain
- Allows for impact to do less
damage
Motor Cortex (M1)
- Precentral gyrus is the site for primary motor cortex (in charge of movement)
- Frontal lobe –> Betz cell
Somatosensory (S1) – parietal lobe
- Touch, pain, temperature, limb, proprioception
- Postcentral gyrus
Limbic System
Function: emotional processing and plays a role in learning and memory
basal ganglia
Function: Connect with motor regions to monitor motor behavior
Thalamus
relays information
Hypothalamus
homeostasis
hippocampus
memory conversion
Pons
auditory and vestibular functions
Medulla
sensory motor functions, vestibular, motor control of face/mouth/throat/respiratory
system/heart
