Anatomy Flashcards
The inside of the eye is divided into the ___ ___and ___ ___.
Anterior Segment and Posterior Segment
The anterior segment is the front region of the the eye and contains ______. _________. _________, _________ and _________ and houses the anterior and posterior chambers. Ci CPL
Cornea, iris, 3- ciliary body, pupil, and lens
Ci CPL
What is the anterior & posterior chamber filled with?
Aqueous humor
The posterior segment is the back 2/3rds of the eye that include all structures behind it, filled with aqueous humor, the retina, _____, and optic nerve.
The retina, choroid and optic nerve
The aqueous humor is processed by the cells of the ______ body.
Ciliary body
Most of the aqueous humor exits through the spongy network of cells at the angle called _____ _______.
The trabecular meshwork (The drain!)
Within the anterior segment is the _____ ______ and the ______ ________.
Anterior Chamber and Posterior Chamber
Are the fluid-filled Anterior and Posterior Chambers located in the front or back of the eye?
At the front of the eye & fluid filled
The Anterior Chamber is the space in in the front-part of the eye that includes: (3-cia) ______ _______ & anterior surface.
CIA
Cornea
Iris
Anterior Surface
The ___ body contains ciliary muscles that control the shape of the lens and produces the aqueous humor.
Ciliary
The eye lids consist mainly of _____ & contains the _____ _____, providing protection from foreign matter.
muscle
Meibomian Glands
What are considered the IOL chambers?
Anterior and Posterior Chambers
What segment is where the majority of Cataract surgery takes place?
Anterior Segment
Cataract extraction with IOL implantation cases the ____ Chamber angle to widen and the dept to deepen.
Anterior Chamber
The Anterior Segment is the front 1/__ of the eye?
1/3
The ciliary body contains muscles that control accommodation and produces _____ that fill the Anterior and Posterior Chambers.
accomodation
aqueous
The Eye Lids consist mainly of muscle & contain the ____ glands, providing protection from foreign matter.
Meibomian Glands
Meibomian glands are sebaceous and embedded in the upper and lower lids & produce the _____ ____ of the tear film.
Sebaceous
lipid layer
Lashes are located along the front of the eyelid margins & protect the eye from foreign matter by blocking _____ & _______.
Lashes
dust & debris
Conjunctiva is the ____ membrane that covers the front surface of the eye and inner eyelids.
mucus membrane
Where are goblet cells located?
In the conjunctiva
Goblet cells secrete muscles that plan an integral role in the stability of the ____ film.
tear film
The limbus provides ____ & ______to the cornea.
nutrients & oxygen
The _____ is the junction between the conjunctiva & sclera.
limbus
What is the iris?
A pigmented, muscular structure that lies behind the cornea, within the anterior chambers & bathed by the aqueous humor.
Regulates the size of the pupil and controls the amount of light passing through the eye.
The ____ is the central opening of the eye, in the iris.
Pupil
The ____ is a transparent, flexible, structure that sits behind the iris & in front of the vitreous.
lens
flexible
The lens focus light rays entering through the pupil to form an image on the ______
lens, pupil
retina
Accommodation occurs when the shape of the ____ changes to adjust to the ____ power of the eye.
lens
refractive power
Over time the ____ loses transparency leading to reduced distance vision & loss of flexibility which leads to poor near vision called _____.
lens
Presbyopia
The ___ is a transparent, neutral tissue that lines the back of the inner eyes & responsible for converting ___ entering the eyes into signals transmitted by neurons in the brain.
Retina
light
Within the retina there are 2 functionally important landmarks ___ & ___.
Macula & fovea
The macula is a ___ area, less than 1.5mm in the center of the retina surrounding the ___,
small
fovea
The center of the retina is the Macula and the center of the Macula is the ___ responsible for sharp, highly-detailed vision.
fovea
The ___ processes produce the aqueous humor, a plasma-like fluid that fills the ____ segment.
ciliary processes & posterior segment
The vitreous is clear, ___-like substance, & fills 2/3 of the interior eyeball.
gelatin-like
2/3
The ___ ___ or the Drain of the Eye is the area of tissue located near the ciliary body around the base of the cornea. Most of the aqueous humor exits here through the spongey network of cells at the the angle called the ___ ___. (same answer)
Trabecular Meshwork
Most of the aqueous humor exits through the spongy network cells called the ___ ___ & is often called The ___ of the Eye!
Trabecular Meshwork
The Drain of the Eye!
The ciliary body contains ciliary muscles that control the ____ of the lens located within the chamber.
Shape
What are the 8 basics of Eye Anatomy?
A E C I C R T C
(all eat (eyelids) cats in cats, Roaring to cats)
1- A(C) Anterior Chamber (houses anterior and posterior segment) and Posterior Chamber 2- E (5)EMLCG-Eyelids, Meibo glands, Lashes, Conjunctiva, Goblet Cells 3- C &L Cornea and Limbus 4- I &P Iris and Pupil 5- C Crystalline Lens 6- R RMV Retina, Macula, Vitreous 7- T Trabecular Meshwork 8- C Ciliary Body
What are the 5 Layers of the Cornea? (Everybody Body Suffers Dry Eye)
1-Epithelium - outermost layer/protects and maintains smooth surface (the only layer that sheds and pregenerates and is primary site for the regulation of stromal hydration)
2-Bowman’s membrane - this layer is directly under the epithelium, acts as protective layer against infection (landmark for surgeons performing refractive correction surgery)
3-Stroma - Thickest layer of the cornea - 90% of overall thickness (where corneal edema can occur after surgery)
4-Descemet’s membrane - Extremely thick & innermost layer elastic protective layer/ stripped or removed during surgery
5-Endothelium - Single layer of cells forms innermost layer. (Wound healing - if cells die during surgery, the remaining cells spread out and prevent a break)
What does the limbus do (N.O.) and where is the junction?
Provides nutrients & oxygen to the cornea
It is the junction between the conjunctiva and scelra
