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anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

which foramen transmits sensory and the motor roots of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?

A

foramen ovale

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2
Q

what are the layers of the scalp?

A 
Skin
Connective tissue of superficial fascia
Aponeurosis(galea)
Loose connective tissue
Periosteum/Pericranium
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3
Q

Muscles of Facial Expression are situated in which fascia?

A

superficial fascia

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4
Q

The muscles of facial expression are supplied by which nerve?

A

facial nerve

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5
Q

as a group, what are the auricle muscles called?

A

Temporoparietalis(muscles of ear) [post,sup, and anterior auricle muscles]

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6
Q

mention the anatomic location of the base and apex of the parotid gland

A

base(upper portion): along the zygomatic arch

apex(lower portion): posterior to the angle of mandible

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7
Q

the mastoid process lies …………. to the parotid gland

A

posterior

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8
Q

the styloid process lies ………. to the parotid gland

A

medially

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9
Q

which muscle does the parotid gland pierce?

A

buccinator muscle

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10
Q

into which tooth does the parotid gland open up to?

A

it opens up to the oral cavity at the level of the 2nd maxillary molar tooth(teeth at the back)

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11
Q

what is the deep fascia of the neck called?

A

cervical fascia

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12
Q

what are the facial muscles?

A
  1. masseter
  2. lateral pterygoid muscle
  3. medial pterygoid muscle
  4. temporalis
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13
Q

what are the structures traversing the parotid gland?

A

external carotid artery
retromandibular vein
facial nerve

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14
Q

what innervates the parotid gland?

A

glossopharyngeal nerve–>otic ganglion–>auriculotemporal nerve

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15
Q

what is the mobile part of the nasal septum of the nose?

A

columella

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16
Q

what are the 3 borders of the piriform aperture?

A

superiorly: inferior margin of nasal bone
laterally: nasal notch of maxilla
inferior: nasal spine

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17
Q

The middle ethmoid sinuses drain into the

A

middle meatus of the nose.

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18
Q

The sphenoid sinus drains into the

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

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19
Q

The frontal sinus drains into the

A

middle meatus of the nose.

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20
Q

The anterior ethmoidal sinuses drain into the

A

middle meatus of the nose.

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21
Q

The nasolacrimal duct drains into the

A

inferior meatus of the nose.

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22
Q

To where do the submental lymph nodes drain?

A

The deep cervical lymph nodes

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23
Q

which part of the mouth would drain into the submental lymph nodes?

A

center of the lower lip

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24
Q

borders of choanae?

A
  • superiorly: body of sphenoid
  • laterally: medial plate of pterygoid process
  • inferiorly: palatine bone
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25
Q

what connects the nasal cavity into the nasopharynx?

A

choanae

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26
Q

The ……… (main) bronchus gives off the
superior lobar bronchus BEFORE entering the hilum of the right lung.
The …….. main bronchus gives
off the superior lobar bronchus AFTER entering the left lung

A

right

left

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27
Q

what is the posterior aperture of the nasal cavity called?

A

choanae

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28
Q

what is the sensory innervation of the external nose?

A

trigeminal division of the ophthalmic nerve

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29
Q

what is the motor innervation for facial expression muscles?

A

facial nerve

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30
Q

what is the anterior aperture of the nasal cavity called?

A

nares

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31
Q

the nares connects the nasal cavity to the ……..?

A

anterior aperture

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32
Q

The nasal cavity is divided into two parts by the

…………….., which is largely formed by the ……… bone.

A

nasal septum

vomer

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33
Q

what is the innervation of the platysma m. and function?

A
  • facial nerve

- tenses the skin of the neck and help move the lower lip and corners of the mouth down

34
Q

which of the mastication muscles can close and open the mouth?

A

lateral pterygoid

35
Q

which space in the deep fascia can spread infection or malignant tumor if penetrated?

A

retropharyngeal space

36
Q

which muscle is affected in torticollis disorder?

A

shortened sternocleidomastoid m.

37
Q

what happens to the neck when a person has torticollis ?

A

tilting neck to one side

38
Q

what are the innervations for digastric muscle?

A

posterior belly(connects to mastoid process) is innervated by facial nerve

anterior belly(connects to mandible) is innervated by mandibular nerve of trigeminal nerve

39
Q

stylohyoid muscle is innervated by ………?

A

facial nerve

40
Q

geniohyoid muscle is innervated by?

A

hypoglossal nerve

41
Q

which muscle forms the floor of the mouth?

A

mylohyoid muscle

42
Q

mylohyoid m. is innervated by?

A

mandibular nerve

43
Q

What’re the contents of the submental triangle?

A

Submental veins which drain into the anterior jugular vein

44
Q

What forms the floor of the submandibular triangle(digastric triangle)?

A

Mylohyoid and hypoglossus muscles

45
Q

**What’re the contents of the submandibular triangle?(8)

A

External carotid artery
Facial artery and vein
Submental artery and vein

Submandibular gland
parotid gland

Stylopharyngeus m

Hypoglossal nerve
Glossopharingeus nerve

46
Q

**what’re the structures that form the floor of the carotid triangle?(3)

A

Thyrohyoid m
Hypoglossus m
Inferior and middle pharyngeal constrictor m

47
Q

**what’re the contents of the carotid triangle?

A

*common carotid artery
*internal and external carotid artery
Lingual artery and vein
Facial artery and vein
occipital artery and vein
superior laryngeal nerve
Superior thyroid artery and vein
ascending pharyngeal artery
Ansa cervicalis

48
Q

What forms the floor of the supraclavicular triangle?

49
Q

what is the first branch of external carotid artery?

A

superior thyroid artery

50
Q

what’re the arteries that supply the larynx?

A

sup laryngeal arteries
inferior laryngeal arteries
=vagus n

51
Q

which of the recurrent laryngeal nerve originates in the thorax?

A

the left one

52
Q

all of the motor innervations of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx (except …………..) are supplied by the …………?

A

all of them (except cricothyroid muscle) are supplied by

recurrent laryngeal nerve

53
Q

the cricothyroid muscle is supplied by ………?

A

superior laryngeal nerve

54
Q

at which vertebral level does carotid bifurcation occur?

55
Q

where is the piriform recess located?

A

laryngopharynx

56
Q

thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage are made up of ?

A

hyaline cartilage

57
Q

a patient frequently aspirated fluid into her lungs. Upon examination it was determined that the area of the piriform recess above the vocal fold of the larynx was numb. What nerve may have been injured?

A

Internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

58
Q

The laryngeal muscle most responsible for stretching (elongating) the vocal ligament is the :

A

Cricothyroid m.

59
Q

……………… is a very important muscle; it’s the only muscle that abducts the vocal folds.

A

Posterior cricoarytenoid

60
Q

This muscle is innervated by the inferior laryngeal nerve, which is a continuation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. If this muscle is denervated, the vocal folds may be paralyzed in an adducted position, which would prevent air from entering the trachea. which muscle is this?

A

posterior cricoarytenoid

61
Q

the cricothyroid muscle is the only muscle out of the intrinsic muscles that is innervated by the ………..?

A

superior laryngeal nerve(vagus)

62
Q

why does the vocalis muscle has such percise control over the pitch of phonation?

A

because it inserts on the vocal ligament

63
Q

when needing to reach the carotid arteries, the carotid sheath must be bypassed; which structures can be injured when excising the carotid sheath?

A

The carotid sheath contains 2 nerves: the vagus and the superior ramus of ansa cervicalis. It also contains 3 vessels: internal carotid, common carotid, and internal jugular vein. Any of these structures could be damaged during the procedure

64
Q

which nerve allows for swallowing?

A

vagus nerve–> pharynx (+larynx)

65
Q

eyelid closure is controlled by which nerve ?

A

occulomotor nerve

66
Q

which arteries supply the scalp?

A 
external carotid artery
opthalmic artery(a branch of the internal carotid artery)
67
Q

muscles of the facial expression and mammary glands are all located in which facia?

A

superficial fascia

68
Q

the choana opens to the ………….?

A

nasopharynx

69
Q

piriform recess is located in the……….?

A

laryngopharynx

70
Q

oral cavity and oropharynx are connected by the

A

faucium isthmus

71
Q

**infection is prone to spreading from the face to the brain through which path?

A

facial artery to the cavernous sinus in the skull

72
Q

common carotid artery bifurcates at ….?

73
Q

the bifurcation of the trachea forms the …………. which is also the end point of a reflex called?

74
Q

a place for the heart develops in the left lung, it’s called ………….?

A

cardiac notch

75
Q

which line runs along the temporalis muscle?

A

superior temporal line

76
Q

ansa cervicalis innervates all of the infrahyoid muscles except the ………….?

A

thyrohyoid muscle, which is innervated by C1 (suboccipital nerve)

77
Q

C1 joins C2 and C3 to form ………..?

A

Ansa cervicalis

78
Q

C1 is called?

A

suboccipital nerve

79
Q

the medial branch of C2 is known as ?

A

greater occipital nerve(not a branch of cervical plexus)

80
Q

parotid gland drains into………..?

A

second molar teeth

Respiratory system (4 decks)

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