Anatomy Flashcards
At the spinal cord, does the sensory neurone arrive in the ventral horn or dorsal horn?
Sensory neurone - ventral horn
Motor neurone - dorsal horn
Describe foot eversion and inversion
Foot eversion - ankles pointing in, very (very) rare to cause ankle sprain
Foot inversion - ankles pointing out
What are the three compartments of the thigh region and which nerves innervate each one
Anterior - Femoral nerve
Medial - Obturator nerve
Posterior - Sciatic nerve
Which is the more lateral, the Biceps Femoris, Semi Tendinous or the Semi Membranous
From medial to lateral
Semi Membranous
Semi Tendinous
Biceps Femoris
What are the 4 compartment in the Leg and which nerves innervate them
Anterior - Deep Peroneal Nerve
Lateral - Superficial Peroneal Nerve
Posterior Superficial - Tibial Nerve
Posterior Deep - Tibial Nerve
What is compartment syndrome?
Building up pressure within a fascia - extremely painful
Can be cause by a tibial fracture
Treatment is caused by cutting a huge incision in the leg
What is sciatica and what are the common causes for it ?
Radiopathy of the sciatic nerve - compression of the never at the root
Can get Sciatica like symptoms if you damage the sciatic nerve by
- piriformes syndrome (compressing on it)
- over exercising if gluteus
- badly placed injection
- hip dislocation
What are the two primary lymph organs ?
Thymus and Bone Marrow
What are the two lineages of cells after the common progenitor cell?
- Lymphoid (cells of adaptive + NK cells)
- Myeloid (cells of innate + RBC + platelets)
What is commonly used to treat myosthenia gravis and how does it work ?
Neostigmine - Binds and inhibits AcH esterase
Where does the radius come into contact with the humerus and what happens if it’s damaged
Travels down the radial grove - post epiphysis - wrist drop
What nerve innervates the deltoid muscle
Axillary
What is Saturday Night Palsy ?
Patient falls asleep with hand over chair - damage to radial nerve - brachioradialis damaged ,
What are the borders of the cubital fossa?
Sup - epicondylar line
Medial - pronator teres
Lateral - brachioradialis
What are the 3 borders of the Axilla region ?
Clavicule
Deltoid
Pectoralis major
What are the characteristic of a Smiths Fracture ?
Extra articular fracture of the radial head, ventral angulation
What palpable artery goes through anatomical snuff box ?
Radial artery and start of cephalic vein
Which arteries supply the 3 compartments of the leg ?
Anterior - Femoral
Posterior and medial - deep Femoral
Which arteries supply each 4 compartments of the leg
Anterior and lateral - anterior tibial
Posterior superficial and deep - post tibial artery
Describe a Tredenlemberg gait
Weakness in abductors - hip pops out to one side when they walk
What happens during a foot drop gait ?
Damage to the deep Peroneal - damage to the anterior compartment of the leg
Describe a Parkinson’s gait
Pill rolling and little steps
Describe a hemiplegic gait
1 leg is fully extended and internally rotated, so they swing leg around
Describe an Equinus gait
The «high heel» gait, due to muscle shortness or tightness
