Anatomy 1 - Upper leg muscles Flashcards
Origin of sartorius?
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Insertion of sartorius?
- Proximal head of tibia below medial condyle
- (via common tendon of the pes anserinus)
What is the pes anserinus?
Conjoined tendons (insertion) of sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles
Function of sartorius?
- Flexion, weak AB/AD, ER of hip joint
- Flexion, IR of knee joint
–> Synergist muscle
Origin of rectus femoris?
- Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
- acetabular roof of the hip (superior ridge of the acetabulum)
Insertion of rectus femoris?
- Patella via the common quadriceps tendon
- Inserting on the tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Function of rectus femoris?
- Hip flexion (only quadriceps muscle able to do so)
- Knee extension
- (prevents entrapment of the capsule –> articulis genus)
Origin of vastus lateralis?
- Lateral surface of the greater trochanter
- Lateral lip of the linea aspera of the femur
Insertion of vastus lateralis?
- Patella base via the common quadriceps tendon
- Lateral tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament (apex of the patella)
Function of vastus lateralis?
Knee extension
(prevents entrapment of the capsule –> articulis genus)
Origin of vastus intermedius?
Anterior upper surface of femoral shaft
Insertion of vastus intermedius?
- Patella via the common quadriceps tendon
- Inserting on the tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Function of vastus intermedius?
Knee extension
(prevents entrapment of the capsule –> articulis genus)
Origin of vastus medialis?
- Intertrochanteric line of the femur
- Medial lip of the linea aspera of the femur
Insertion of vastus medialis?
- Patella via the quadriceps tendon
- Medial tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
Function of vastus medialis?
Knee extension
(prevents entrapment of the capsule –> articulis genus)
What are the two heads biceps femoris is constituted of?
- Long head (caput longum)
- Short head (caput breve)
Origin of biceps femoris?
- Long head: ischial tuberosity + sacrotuberous ligament (common semitendinosus and semimembranosus)
- Short head: linea aspera of the femur (lateral lip)
Insertion of biceps femoris?
Head of fibula (lateral surface)
Function of biceps femoris?
- Hip E
- Knee Flexion and ER
Origin of semitendinosus?
Ischial tuberosity + sacrotuberous ligament (common biceps femoris and semimembranosus)
Insertion of semitendinosus?
- Medial tuberosity of the tibia
- (via common tendon of the pes anserinus)
Function of semitendinosus?
- Hip E, IR
- Stabilises pelvis
- Knee flexion, IR
Origin of Semimembranosus?
- Ischial tuberosity (inferior pelvis)
- Sharing a common tendon with semimembranosus and biceps femoris
Insertion of Semimembranosus?
Medial condyle of tibia
Function of Semimembranosus?
- Hip: E, IR + stabilises pelvis
- Knee: Flexion, IR
Origin of gracilis?
Inferior ischiopubic ramus + body pubis (inferior pubic ramus)
Insertion of gracilis?
Pes anserinus (medial tibia)
Function of gracilis?
- Hip: F, ADD
- Knee: F, IR
Origin of pectineus?
Superior pubic ramus (pectineal line of pubis)
Insertion of pectineus?
- Linea aspera of femur
- Pectineal line of femur
Function of pectineus?
F, ADD, of hip
+ stabilises pelvis
+ can assist hip IR
Origin of adductor longus?
Body pubis, lateral to pubic symphysis
Insertion of adductor longus?
Linea aspera of femur
(btw vastus medialis - adductor magnus)
Function of adductor longus?
Powerful AD, IR of the hip (hip flexion as a synergist)
Origin of adductor brevis?
Inferior pubic ramus
Insertion of adductor brevis?
Linea aspera of femur
Function of adductor brevis?
F, ADD, ER of the hip
+ stabilises pelvis
Origin of adductor magnus?
Can be considered in two portions: hamstring-adductor
- Adductor: inferior ischiopubic ramus (pubic ramus + ischial ramus)
- Hamstring: ischial tuberosity
Insertion of adductor magnus?
- Linea aspera of the femur
- Adductor tubercle on the medial condyle of the femur (medial epicondyle)
Function of adductor magnus?
F, E, ADD, ER, IR of the hip
+ stabilises pelvis
