Anatomy 1 - Foot muscles

Question 1

Origin of adductor hallucis?

Answer 1

• Medial process of calcaneal tuberosity
• Flexor retinaculum
• Plantar aponeurosis (plantar fascia)

Question 2

Insertion of adductor hallucis?

Answer 2

Medial base of proximal phalanx of digit 1 (great toe, hallux)

(common tendon with flexor hallucis brevis)

Question 3

Function of adductor hallucis?

Answer 3

• Abduction and flexion of toe at metatarsophalangeal joint 1
• Supports longitudinal arch of foot

Question 4

Origin of adductor hallucis oblique head and transverse head?

Answer 4

Oblique head: 2nd, 3rd, 4th metatarsals

Transverse head:
- Plantar metatarsophalangeal ligaments of toes 3-5
- Deep transverse metatarsal ligaments of toes 3-5

Question 5

Insertion of adductor hallucis oblique head and transverse head?

Answer 5

Lateral surface of proximal phalanx of digit 1 (great toe, hallux)

Question 6

Function of adductor hallucis oblique head and transverse head?

Answer 6

• Adduction at metatarsophalangeal joint
• Flexion of digit 1

Question 7

Origin of abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 7

• Lateral calcaneal tuberosity
• Plantar aponeurosis (plantar fascia)

Question 8

Insertion of abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 8

Base of proximal phalanx of digit 5 (laterally)

(like flexor digiti minimi brevis)

Question 9

Function of abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 9

Abduction and flexion of toe at 5th metatarsophalangeal joint

Question 10

Origin of digiti minimi brevis?

Answer 10

Base of metatarsal 5, long plantar ligament

Question 11

Insertion of digiti minimi brevis?

Answer 11

Base of proximal phalanx of digit 5 (laterally)

(like abductor digiti minimi)

Question 12

Function of digiti minimi brevis?

Answer 12

Flexion of toe at 5th metatarsophalangeal joint

Question 13

Origin opponens digiti minimi?

Answer 13

Long plantar ligament and base of 5th metatarsal

Question 14

Insertion opponens digiti minimi?

Answer 14

Lateral distal part of 5th metatarsal

Question 15

Function opponens digiti minimi?

Answer 15

Abduction and flexion of toe at 5th metatarsophalangeal joint

Question 16

Origin of quadratus plantae?

Answer 16

Medial and lateral (tuberosity process) surface of calcaneus

Question 17

Insertion of quadratus plantae?

Answer 17

Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

Question 18

Function of quadratus plantae?

Answer 18

Flexion of toes at 2-5th metatarsophalangeal joints

Question 19

Origin of lumbricals?

Answer 19

Tendons of flexor digitorum longus

Question 20

Insertion of lumbricals?

Answer 20

Medial sides of bases of proximal phalanges of digits 2-5

Question 21

Function of lumbricals?

Answer 21

• Flexion and adduction of toes at metatarsophalangeal joints 2-5
• Extension of toes at interphalangeal joints 2-5

Question 22

Origin of dorsal interossei?

Answer 22

Opposing sides of metatarsal bones 1-5

Question 23

Insertion of dorsal interossei?

Answer 23

1: medial base of proximal phalanx of digit 1

2-5: lateral bases of proximal phalanges

Question 24

Function of dorsal interossei?

Answer 24

• Flexion and abduction of toes at metatarsophalangeal joints 2-4
• Extension of toes at interphalangeal joints 2-4

Question 25

Origin of plantar interossei?

Answer 25

Medial aspects of metatarsal bones 3-5

Question 26

Insertion of plantar interossei?

Answer 26

Medial bases of proximal phalanges 3-5

Question 27

Function of plantar interossei?

Answer 27

• Flexion, adduction of toes at metatarsophalangeal joints 3-5
• Extension of toes at interphalangeal joints 3-5