Anatomical Terms Relating to Bones

Question 1

appendicular skeleton

Answer 1

bones of shoulder, pelvis, and upper and lower extremities

Question 2

axial skeleton

Answer 2

bones of skull, vertebral column, chest, and hyoid bone

Question 3

bone

Answer 3

specialized connective tissue composted of osteocytes forming the skeleton

Question 4

compact bone

Answer 4

tightly solid, strong bone tissue resistant to bending

Question 5

spongey (cancellous) bone

Answer 5

mesh-like bone tissue containing marrow and fine branching canals for blood vessels

Question 6

long bones

Answer 6

bones of legs and arms

Question 7

short bones

Answer 7

bones of wrists and ankles

Question 8

flat bones

Answer 8

bones of ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis, and skull

Question 9

irregular bones

Answer 9

bones of vertebrae and face

Question 10

sesamoid bones

Answer 10

round bones found near joints

Question 11

epiphysis

Answer 11

wide ends of a long bone

Question 12

diaphysis

Answer 12

shaft of a long bone

Question 13

metaphysis

Answer 13

growth zone between epiphysis and diaphysis during development of a long bone

Question 14

endosteum

Answer 14

membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone

Question 15

medullary cavity

Answer 15

cavity within the shaft of long bones filled with marrow

Question 16

bone marrow

Answer 16

soft connective tissue within the medullary cavities of bones

Question 17

red bone marrow

Answer 17

found in cavities of most bones in infants; functions in formation of red blood cells, some white blood cells, and platelets; in adults, red bone marrow is found most often in the flat bones

Question 18

yellow bone marrow

Answer 18

gradually replaces red bone marrow in adult bones, functions as storage for fat tissue, and is inactive in formation of blood cells

Question 19

periosteum

Answer 19

a fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone

Question 20

articular cartilage

Answer 20

a gristle-like substance found on bones where they articulate