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Anatomy > Anatomical Terms/Imaging > Flashcards

Anatomical Terms/Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

What does “ana” and “tome” mean for anatomy?

A

“apart” and “cut”

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2
Q

Gross anatomy is anatomy that…

A

Can be seen without a microscope

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3
Q

All structures in anatomy are described assuming the body is…

A

In anatomical position

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4
Q

Difference between cephalic and cranial?

A

Cephalic is head, cranial is skull

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5
Q

Cervical region relates to?

A

The neck

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6
Q

Axillary region relates to?

A

The armpits

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7
Q

Brachial region relates to?

A

The arms

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8
Q

Thoracic region relates to?

A

The chest

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9
Q

Mammary region relates to?

A

The breasts

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10
Q

What is another word for umbilical?

A

Naval

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11
Q

What is another word for femoral?

A

Thigh

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12
Q

What is another word for perineal?

A

Anal and external genitals

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13
Q

Describe supine position

A

Lying down (recumbent), face upwards

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14
Q

Describe prone position

A

Lying down on abdomen, face down

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15
Q

Describe lithotomy position

A

OBGYN visit position, on back, hips/knees flexed, separated thighs. For genital/anal inspection

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16
Q

Describe the frontal/coronal plane

A

separates front and back of body down the middle, can see entire front and entire back halves

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17
Q

Describe the medial/midsagittal plane

A

separates the body down the middle into right and left halves

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18
Q

Describe the transverse/XS plane

A

separates the body into a cross section, top half and bottom half

19
Q

Describe the parasagittal plane

A

separates the body into right and left halves but is off center

20
Q

Ventral/anterior is towards….

A

the belly

21
Q

Dorsal/posterior is towards…

A

the back

22
Q

Cranial/rostral is towards…

A

the head

23
Q

Caudal is towards…

A

the tail

24
Q

Interior/inner and exterior/outer are used for…

A

hollow organs

25
Q

Superficial/deep are used to describe…

A

solid organs and/or distance from the surface

26
Q

Give an example of a flexion movement of the arm

A

Raising arm upwards or backwards (decreasing the angle of the joint)

27
Q

Give an example of an extension movement of the arm

A

Lowering the arm towards the median (increasing the angle of the joint)

28
Q

What is the difference between flexion and extension?

A

Flexion is decreasing the angle of the joint, extension is increasing the angle of the joint. Flexion usually moves away from the body, extension brings limb back to neutral/increased angle state.

29
Q

What is an adduction movement?

A

Moving towards the central line
(bringing legs closer together)

30
Q

What is an abduction movment?

A

Moving away from the central line
(abductor machine at the gym for gluteal and hips)

31
Q

What is a circumduction movement?

A

A combo of, abduction, adduction, extension, flexion movements

32
Q

Describe a pronation movement

A

Rotating forearms inward so palms face down and thumbs are medial, palm is backwards from anatomical position

33
Q

Describe a supination movement

A

Rotating forearms outward so palms face down and rotate outwards back to anatomical position

34
Q

Describe flexing vs extending the fingers

A

Flexing curls fingers in, extending straightens the fingers

35
Q

What is dorsiflexion?

A

Backward bending, contracting of a foot or hand, extending the limb

36
Q

What is plantar flexion?

A

Opposite of dorsiflexion, toes point away from leg, increasing the angle

37
Q

What can be passed through the body, be scattered/deflected and absorbed?

A

An X-ray

38
Q

How does an x-ray pass through the tissue?

A

It depends on the energy of the x ray and atomic # of the tissue

39
Q

The higher energy the x-ray…

A

The more likely it is to pass through the body

40
Q

The higher atomic number of the tissue…

A

The more likely it is to absorb the x-ray

41
Q

Rate the 5 basic radiographic density materials from blackest to whitest

A

Air, fat, water (soft tissue), bone, metal

Blackest = radiolucent (air)
Whitest = radioplaque (metal)

42
Q

What are the parts of a long bone?

A

Epiphysis
Diaphysis
Metaphysis
Medullary Cavity
Cortex

43
Q

What is an ultrasound?

A

High frequency sound waves, like sonar

Anatomy (2 decks)

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