anatomical terminology and the orbit

Question 1

anatomical planes

Answer 1

sagittal
- divides the body into right & left halves

coronal
- divides the body into front & back halves

transverse
- divides the body into upper and lower halves

Question 2

what are the anatomical positions?

Answer 2

anterior - front
posterior - back
superior - above or towards head
inferior - below or towards feet
temporal - towards temples
nasal - towards nose 
medial - towards midline
lateral away from midline
inter- - between
intra- - within
para- - adjacent
peri- - around

Question 3

what are the seven(7) orbital bones?

Answer 3

maxillary 
frontal
zygomatic
ethmoid
lacrimal
sphenoid
palatine

Question 4

what are the orbital walls?

Answer 4

roof(2)
- lesser wing of sphenoid, frontal
lateral(2)
- greater wing of sphenoid, zygomatic
floor(3) > weakest wall
- maxillary, zygomatic and small contribution from palatine
medial(4)
- lesser wing of sphenoid, ethmoid, lacrimal, maxillary

Question 5

what are the anatomical landmarks?

Answer 5

foremen
- an opening or orifice that transmits blood vessels, nerves & muscles to connect one part of body to another
fissure
- a groove, natural division, gap, or space, which is cause by the incomplete union of two bones
fossa
- a depressed area that houses a structure
notch
- an indentation at the edge of a bone

Question 6

what are the landmarks on the roof?

Answer 6

• lacrimal gland fossa
• supra-orbital notch
• trochlear fossa

Question 7

what is the landmark on the medial wall

Answer 7

lacrimal fossa

- houses lacrimal sac

Question 8

what is the landmark on the floor

Answer 8

infraorbital foramen

• an opening in the maxillary bone
• transmits infraorbital nerve and vessels

Question 9

what are the landmarks on the apex?

Answer 9

• superior orbital fissure
• inferior orbital fissure
• optic foramen

Question 10

what is orbital fascia?

Answer 10

• is a connective tissue that envelopes all the orbit contents.
  > Associated with adipocytes (fat cells) and fats
  > To support and insulate orbital soft tissue structures
  > To assist with free, unimpeded movement of the eye ball
  > Comprises periobita, orbital septum, Tenon’s capsule, muscles & check ligaments